A Military History of Modern Spain: From the Napoleonic Era to the International War on TerrorWayne H. Bowen, José E. Alvarez Bloomsbury Academic, 30 thg 9, 2007 - 232 trang In the 19th and 20th centuries, Spain was a key player in the military conflagrations that created modern Europe. From the Napoleonic Wars, through the dress rehearsal for World War II that was the Spanish Civil War, to the grim struggle against terrorism today, the military history of modern Spain has both shaped and reflected larger forces beyond its borders. |
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... military was nonetheless rarely " mili- tarist " —that is , given to the hypertrophy of the military for purposes of war - at any time during this era , as Spain remained apart from the Euro- pean alliance systems and neutral during ...
... military from the public sphere were largely effective . However , the persistence of electoral corruption ( caciquismo ) ; the failure of Spanish liberalism to respond effec- tively to the destabilizing effects of social change ...
... military by fomenting a more progressive intellectual climate within the army . To this end , he ordered the closure of anti - Republican military institutions — such as the General Military Academy in Zaragoza — and military journals ...
Nội dung
Foreword by Stanley G Payne | 1 |
The Spanish Army 18981931 | 37 |
Unarmed Neutrality | 53 |
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