Moral scienceAmerican Book Company, 1869 - 337 trang |
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Thuật ngữ và cụm từ thông dụng
according actions Adam Smith affections agent appetite approve arising Aristippus Aristotle beneficence Benevolence cardinal virtues categorical Imperative Chapter character Chrysippus conduct connexion Conscience consequences considers constitution Courage Cyrenaics Deity Democritus desire disinterested disposition distinction divine doctrine duty Epictetus Epicurean Epicurus Ethics evil exercise existence external farther favour feelings friendship gives happiness highest honour idea impulses incontinent individual innate intellectual interest judgment Justice Law of Nature mankind means ment merit mind moral approbation moral faculty moral rules moral sense moral sentiment motive Nicomachean Ethics notions object obligation opinion ourselves passions pathy perception perfect person philosophy Plato pleasures and pains Plotinus political practical principle Protagoras Prudence punishment question racter rational reason reference regard remarks right and wrong sanction self-love selfish society Sokrates soul standard Stoicism Stoics Summum Bonum sympathy Temperance theory things Timocracy tion truth universal Utility vice virtue virtuous voluntary
Đoạn trích phổ biến
Trang 243 - Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do.
Trang 286 - The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.
Trang 239 - the doing good to mankind, in obedience to the will of God, and for the sake of everlasting happiness.
Trang 243 - ... It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do. On the one hand the standard of right and wrong, on the other the chain of causes and effects, are fastened to their throne. They govern us in all we do, in all we say, in all we think: every effort we can make to throw off our subjection, will serve but to demonstrate and confirm it.
Trang 135 - The RIGHT OF NATURE, which writers commonly call jus naturale, is the liberty each man hath, to use his own power, as he will himself, for the preservation of his own nature; that is to say, of his own life; and consequently, of doing anything which in his own judgment and reason he shall conceive to be the aptest means thereunto.
Trang 291 - In an improving state of the human mind, the influences are constantly on the increase, which tend to generate in each individual a feeling of unity with all the rest ; which, if perfect, would make him never think of, or desire, any beneficial condition for himself, in the benefits of which they are not included.
Trang 243 - The principle of utility recognises this subjection, and assumes it for the foundation of that system, the object of which is to rear the fabric of felicity by the hands of reason and of law. Systems which attempt to question it, deal in sounds instead of sense, in caprice instead of reason, in darkness instead of light.
Trang 290 - The internal sanction of duty, whatever our standard of duty may be, is one and the same — a feeling in our own mind; a pain, more or less intense, attendant on violation of duty, which in properly cultivated moral natures rises, in the more serious cases, into shrinking from it as an impossibility.
Trang 135 - It is consequent also to the same condition that there be no propriety, no dominion, no mine and thine distinct, but only that to be every man's that he can get, and for so long as he can keep it.
Trang 290 - ... derived from sympathy, from love, and still more from fear; from all the forms of religious feeling; from the recollections of childhood and of all our past life; from self-esteem, desire of the esteem of others, and occasionally even self-abasement.