??Columbia University Press, 2001 - 640 trang By far one of the most important objects of worship in the Buddhist traditions, the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara is regarded as the embodiment of compassion. He has been widely revered throughout the Buddhist countries of Asia since the early centuries of the Common Era. While he was closely identified with the royalty in South and Southeast Asia, and the Tibetans continue to this day to view the Dalai Lamas as his incarnations, in China he became a she--Kuan-yin, the "Goddess of Mercy"--and has a very different history. The causes and processes of this metamorphosis have perplexed Buddhist scholars for centuries. In this groundbreaking, comprehensive study, Chün-fang Yü discusses this dramatic transformation of the (male) Indian bodhisattva Avalokitesvara into the (female) Chinese Kuan-yin--from a relatively minor figure in the Buddha's retinue to a universal savior and one of the most popular deities in Chinese religion. Focusing on the various media through which the feminine Kuan-yin became constructed and domesticated in China, Yü thoroughly examines Buddhist scriptures, miracle stories, pilgrimages, popular literature, and monastic and local gazetteers--as well as the changing iconography reflected in Kuan-yin's images and artistic representations--to determine the role this material played in this amazing transformation. The book eloquently depicts the domestication of Kuan-yin as a case study of the indigenization of Buddhism in China and illuminates the ways this beloved deity has affected the lives of all Chinese people down the ages. |
Nội dung
Introduction | 1 |
Scriptural Sources for the Cult of Kuanyin | 31 |
Thousandhanded and Thousandeyed Kuanyin in the Sung | 263 |
Late Imperial China | 449 |
Appendixes | 495 |
Notes | 511 |
Bibliography | 555 |
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Thuật ngữ và cụm từ thông dụng
Amitabha Avalokitesvara became bodhisattva Buddha Buddhist scriptures called Cave century Ch’an master chant chapter Chekiang chih Chih-li China Chinese Chinese Buddhism ching Compassionate compiled Confucian dated deity depicted devotees dharahi Dharma dynasty Emperor enlightenment esoteric fascicle feminine filial Former Heaven forms of Kuan-yin gazetteers goddess Hangchow hell hisattva Hsiang-shan Hua-yen iconography images of Kuan-yin incense indigenous scriptures indigenous sutras king Kuan Kuan-shih-yin Kuan-yin appeared Kuan-yin Sutra Kumarajiva living Lotus Sutra Mahayana Maitreya manifestation meditation Miao-shan Ming miracle stories Monastery monk Mother mudra ofthe one’s original Pai-i painting Pao-chih pao-chüan pilgrimage pilgrims popular Potalaka Precious Scroll Princess Miao-shan Pure Land recite religion religious repentance ritual Sakyamuni Samadhi sectarian Seng-chieh sentient Shan Shih stele Sudhana Sung Szechwan T’ang Ta-pei Tantric Taoist teaching temple Thousand-handed told tradition transformed translated Tripitaka Tun-huang Upper T’ien-chu vows Wang Water-moon Kuan-yin White-robed Kuan-yin woman women worship Yüan