A History of Western Civilization ... |
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land passed under their control and beyond an effective governmental jurisdiction . Weaker men were exposed to attacks on all sides : by a desperate central government struggling to avert bankruptcy by steadily increasing taxation ...
land passed under their control and beyond an effective governmental jurisdiction . Weaker men were exposed to attacks on all sides : by a desperate central government struggling to avert bankruptcy by steadily increasing taxation ...
Trang 381
In other cases , some nobles had more land than their coloni and slaves could farm properly . Social and economic conditions had created a shortage of labor . Consequently these nobles sought to attract cultivators , and yet retain ...
In other cases , some nobles had more land than their coloni and slaves could farm properly . Social and economic conditions had created a shortage of labor . Consequently these nobles sought to attract cultivators , and yet retain ...
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Some arable land was turned into sheep pastures , but most of the huge flocks of sheep in the fourteenth , fifteenth , and sixteenth centuries grazed on land that had never been under cultivation . Moreover , this land was not enclosed ...
Some arable land was turned into sheep pastures , but most of the huge flocks of sheep in the fourteenth , fifteenth , and sixteenth centuries grazed on land that had never been under cultivation . Moreover , this land was not enclosed ...
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GROWTH OF IDEALS OF LIBERTY | 1 |
Cleisthenes | 23 |
The Peloponnesian | 35 |
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administration ancient Arabic army attempt authority barbarian became began bishops brought Byzantine caused central Chapters Christian Church civilization common continued court crusades culture decline early East eastern economic effect elected emperor England English established Europe European existence fact feudal finally followed forced formed fourteenth France French gave German gradually greatest Greek growth hands hundred ideas imperial important increased independent influence interest Italian Italy king kingdom known land later Latin learning literature lived lord mediaeval Middle Ages military natural nobility nobles organization papacy peace period Persian political pope practice religion religious result Roman Empire Rome royal rule showed social Spain struggle successful theory third thirteenth century tion took towns trade twelfth universal West western western Europe