THE

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

A DICTIONARY OF ARTS,
SCIENCES, LITERATURE
& GENERAL INFORMATION

THIRTEENTH EDITION

Being Volumes One to Twenty-eight of the Latest Standard
Edition with the Three New Volumes covering
Recent Years and the Index Volume

VOLUME 5

CALHOUN to CHATELAINE

LONDON

THE ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA COMPANY, LTD.

NEW YORK

THE ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA, INC.

Copyright, in the United States of America, 1910, 1926,

by

The Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

INITIALS USED IN VOLUME 5 TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL
CONTRIBUTORS, WITH THE HEADINGS OF THE

ARTICLES IN THIS VOLUME SO SIGNED.

A. Bo.*

A. C. S.

A. E. H.

A. E. S.

A. Go.*

A. H. J. G.

A. H. S.

A. J. G.

Lecturer in Church History at the University of Manchester.
ABEL HENDY JONES GREENIDGE, D.LITT. (OXON.), (d. 1905).
Formerly Fellow and Lecturer of Hertford College, Oxford, and of St John's College,
Oxford. Author of Infamia in Roman Law; Handbook of Greek Constitutional
History; Roman Public Life, History of Rome. Joint-author of Sources of Roman
History, 133-70 B.C.

REV. ARCHIBALD HENRY SAYCE, D.LITT., LL.D.

See the biographical article, SAYCE, A. H.

REV. ALEXANDER JAMES GRIEVE, M.A., B.D.

Professor of New Testament and Church History at the United Independent College,
Bradford. Sometime Registrar of Madras University and Member of Mysore
Educational Service.

Canon Law: General;
Cardinal.

{Chapman George (in part).

{

Camacho; Canovas del Castillo;
Castelary Ripoll.

Chaetognatha;
Chaetosomatida.

Carranza.

Censor: Ancient.

Professor at the Collège de France. Director of the École des hautes études.
Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. Member of the Institute. Author of Livre Champagne.
des vassaux du Comté de Champagne et de Brie; Géographie de la Gaule au VI siècle;
Atlas historique de la France depuis César jusqu'à nos jours; &c.

[Late Resident Tutor of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. Joint-author of Sources of Centumviri.
Roman History, 133-70 B.C.

Member of Council of Epidemiological Society. Author of The London Water- Cancer.
Supply; Industrial Efficiency; Drink, Temperance and Legislation.

1A complete list. showing all individual contributors, appears in the final volume.