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Many articles occur under this head in various parts of the volume, that could not be reduced to a tabular form,— particularly the number of ploughs and modes of management, c. c.

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Minifter's Stipend. This article ferves to fhew the tion of the national funds that are applied to the church, and the manner in which it is divided.-The little difference between the highest and the lowest muft appear ftriking to those who are not acquainted with the democratical system that univerfally prevails in the Church of Scotland. In regard to rank, all the members of it are perfectly equal; -and it will appear, that in refpect to income, if none can be accounted wealthy, fo none are poor.-All neceffarily refide in their respective parishes,-live in a moderate and becoming manner, and are, in general, greatly refpected by all ranks of people, not only for their learning, but for the regularity of their life and edifying converfation.

Number of Acres. As few parishes have been measured, it was impoffible to have this column filled up ;-but where it could be done, it never has been omitted, and the best ufe has every where been made of the materials refpecting this head, that could be come at, of which the following may serve as an example. The parish of Crofimichael has been accurately furveyed; and the ftate of the landed property stands thus, fractions omitted.

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Thefe are part of a flock brought here by George Dundas, Efq. of Dundas, Captain of the Winterton Eaft Indiaman; the reft died on their paffage home. Their fleece is hairy like goats; but near the skin is a very fine foft down.

The valuation is in Scots money, which is precifely one twelfth the amount of Sterling n.oney.-The real rents are Sterling money. VOL. III.

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82 27

86

66

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£3461 £ 3420

The proprietors of the three last eftates refide upon them.

In the parish of Kiltearn, the following is the mode in which the arable land is occupied, and proportional extent of land under each crop,

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But ftill more particular is the following account of the extent of land-crops, and value in the parish of Cramond,which is here inferted as an article of curious information, chiefly to readers that do not belong to this country.

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* By lea is meant arable land left to bear grass without being fown. +Aftone of hay here is equal to 21 pounds Averdupois.

A boll of wheat, of peafe, beans, or of rye, is equal to 4 bufhels Winchefter nearly.

SA boll of oats, or of barley, is equal to 6 Winchester bushels nearly. A boll of potatoes here weighs about 400 weight Averdupois.

Total Rent. Many interefting obfervations occur in this volume respecting rent, which cannot here be specified, but which will ferve to fuggeft many ideas to the the attentive reader. This column is much better filled up than could have been expected; and it is poffible many of the blanks may Яill be supplied, fo as that in a supplement, the total land rents of this country, at the prefent day, may be pretty distinctly afcertained. Perhaps no country in Europe has advanced more rapidly in thofe improvements to which the baneful influence of revenue laws do not extend, than Scotland has done for thirty or forty years paft. Of this, feveral very ftriking proofs occur in the prefent volume refpecting agriculture, among which are the following: Edrom parish, in 1733, the rent was 2000 l. Sterling; it now is 6943 1. Sterling per annum.

Troquire-parish in 1752 was rented at 950 1. Its present rent is 4750 1. Thefe are folid proofs of capital improvements having taken place.

Many interefting remarks will occur to a fenfible obferver, on comparing the last column in this table with the fecond; that is, the amount of the rent yielded to the proprietor, compared with the numbers of the people. Thus it appears, that in the parish of Hownam, 365 perfons yield a rent of 2720 1.; whereas, in the parish of Delting in Shetland, 1504 perfons only afford a rent of 233 1.-In Hownam, the live stock is chiefly sheep, which amount to about 12000.-In Delting, the fheep are not fewer than 8c00.The milk cows amount to 700, befides oxen and young cattle, and horses a great many; and all this is ftated to be but a very incomplete ftocking.-Is it poffible to bring a stronger proof of the impolicy of mifmanagement?-Were the people in this neglected country properly encouraged, the rent to the proprietors might in time rise, not to ten, but to a hundred times its prefent amount .-Confidered as an article in the great history of civil fociety, the account of the parish of Delting is an object of much curiofity.

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When will the proprietors learn this important and fundamental maxim in political economy, that before their vaffals can afford an adequate value for the property they occupy, they must first be put in eafy circumflances

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The very interefting matter contained in this publication has drawn this article to a much greater length than was intended; but this, it is hoped, our readers will readily excufe.

themselves? As, in morals, to do to others as we would wish that they fhould do unto us, is the golden rule, fo the above may be called the golden rule in political economy. Were the proprietors, inftead of killing the goofe in order to get at once the golden egg, to feed and cherifh it till it acquired health and vigour, it would then produce eggs in abundance.

It must, however, be owned, that it requires no little skill and attention to overcome established prejudices, and to introduce a proper fyftem of economy, where it has not yet been established; fo that men are lefs to blame who go with the ftream, than moft perfons will be difpofed to admit. For want of a proper knowledge of the fubject, many attempts that have been made to better the condition of the people, have produced a contrary effect.-To allow individuals to act without restraint, is, in general, the safest course, as is proved by experiment.-Shew me the place where a fyftem of restraint prevails, and I will fhew you people who are poor, and proprietors who derive little advantage from their property.

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