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threatened to block up the city, and cut off all its communications with any other place, xviii. [156] Danube, the, ftate of the war between the Ruffians and Turks on, xiii. [11 17-xiv. 73-7 -77*]-xvi. [6. 12 19]-xvii. [46] Denmark, an hofpitable afylum to the diftreffed Germans, ii. 117- encouragement given to fcience, iii. [100]-iv. [148]-wife measures for populating and cultivating diftricts in Jutland, by the king of, [123]-importation of foreign tobacco or fnuff prohibited, iv. [67]-a noble endowment for twelve merchants daughters, [130]-threatened with a war, and the caufe, v. [14]-extorts a loan from Hamburgh, [15]-wife attention to the domeftic improvement of, vi. [2, 3]-inftitution for the relief of officers widows, vii. [54, 55]-woollen manufactures in 1764, [107]-regulations relating to marriages in the army, viii. [75]difturbances produced by the capitation tax, [115] alliance with Great Britain by marriage, viii. [3]-ix. [5, 6. 136. 141. 148] coronation of the prefent king, x. [87]-remarkable disorder of mind, extremely dangerous to fociety, prevalent in, [164]-flourishing ftate in 1768, xi. [39, 40. 181]—-wife attention to teftamentary inheritance, and the purfuit of commerce, xii. [7, 8] [104]

a lottery inftituted in 1769, [80]-— edict for numbering the inhabitants of, [115]-agriculture encouraged, [126] changes in the miniftry, and fruitless expedition againft Algiers, in 1770, xii, 44, 45]-liberty of the prefs encouraged, [166]-ordinance relating to the marriage of kinfmen, xiv. [77]-great privileges granted to the Jews, [111] remarkable edict relating to illegitimate children, [125, 126]-how affected by the partition of Poland, xv. [4]- remarkable revolution in 1772, [70*-78*] [106, 107. 118. 124. 181-183] nature of the peace with the Algerines, [79]-spirited behaviour of the British minifter at this court at the revolution, [78]-encouragement given to the foundery erected in Norway, [130]-particulars relating to the fentence and execution of the ftate criminals in 1772, [185, 186]-advantages arifing from the ceffion of the duchy of Holftein to,

xvi. [4, 5. 31. 48. 148]-pacific ftate of, and attention to the military and navy, [47,48]—office for infurance of cattle, xvii. [121]-trade to Bengal declared free, xviii. [89]-three placarts, relating to exportation and importation, [126]-edit forbidding all trade with the British colonies in North América for a limited time, [164]edict excluding all foreigners, except naturalized, from employments, xix.. [118]-For ftorms, earthquakes, &c. fee NATURAL HISTORY Defirade, ifland of, reftored to France at the general peace in 1763, v. [58] and [237]-a place of banishment for all diffolute young men of fashion, vi. [92, 93]

Detroit fort, its importance to the English when engaged in a war with the Indians, vi. [22. 25]-attempted by the Indians, who were repulfed, [25, 26]-great diftrefs in 1770, xiii. [89]

Dillenbourg furrenders to the French, iii. [21]

Dippollwalda, lofs of the Imperialists at, v. [15]

Dominica, reduced by a fmall armament, under lord Rollo and fir James Douglas, to the power of the English, iv. [58]-an authentic and particular account of the military and naval operations, and the affault by which this place was taken in June 1761, [138-140] guarantied to the English at the general peace, v. [58] and [238]-erected into a separate government, independent of the general government of the fouthern Caribbee iflands, of which it before made a part; and the appointment of fir William Young, baronet, to the government thereof, xiii. [129]-the capture of this ifland by the French fleet under count d'Estaing, and the general alarm it produced among all the Weft-India merchants in England, in 1778, xxi. [208, 209]——the importance of this ifland from its fituation between Martinico and Guadaloupe confidered and afcertained, xxii. [37]the bad ftate of its garrifon and fortifications on September the 7th, 1778, when it was attacked by the marquis de Bouillé, and furrendered on receiving very honourable terms of capitulation, [37, 38-For ftorms, hurricanes, earthquakes, &c. fee NATURAL HISTORY

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Dorften befieged and taken by the Hereditary Prince of Brunfwick, with the advantages obtained by the allies. from this fuccefs, iv. [28] Drefden, nature of the treaty in 1745, between his Pruffian and her Imperial majefties, i. 7. -dreadful fiege and defolation of, by burning the fuburbs of it in 1758, 60-62 and 64-befieged by his Pruffian majefty in 1760; the ftate of its fortifications; the deftruction of the town; and the raifing of the fiege, iii. [16, 17]——the inftitution of a new military order in this city in 1768, fimilar in fome refpects to the order of St Henry, defcribed, x1. [171, 172]-For ftorms, &c. fee NATURAL HISTORY Dringleburg taken by the French, iv. [24] Dumet, the ifle of, furrendered to the

tance of this place, and the occafion it gave to the war between the English and French in North America, in the year 1756, i. 2, 3, and vi. [26] -evacuated by the French, and call ed by the English Pittsburgh, i. 74, 75-attacked by the Indians in 1763, who are repulfed with fome difficulty, vi. [26-31]

Duffeldorp taken by prince Ferdinand, and the advantages he reaped from it, i. 45

Dymel, the, defeat of the Pruffians on, iv. [24]

E.

English, and the punishment inflicted FAST INDIES, the, the military hoon the French governor, in 1760, iii. [131. 151]

Dunkirk, an account of the expedi

tion under the celebrated Thurot from this place to invade Scotland (as it was at firft imagined), but in the iffue to make a defcent upon Ireland, begun in 1759, ii. 22. 118, 119. 121 -the great alarm occafioned by it, and the measures taken to repel the enemy on the coafts of Scotland and Ireland, in 1759, 123-125-a particular defcription of Thurot's failing from Dunkirk, and the number of forces with him; his arrival at Gottenburg and Bergen; his capture of Carrickfergus; his clofe and unfuccefsful engagement with the English fleet; his defperate behaviour and death in the engagement, iii. [55-57] [80-84]-the renewal at the general peace in 1763 of the ftipulations made by France in former treaties to destroy the fortifications and harbour in this place, v. [61] and [238]-the cunette entirely filled up, excepting a trifling part, in 1763; while 300 men were employed in the demolition of the king's bafon, vi. [112]--the orders given by the French court for demolifhing the jettees, which are the fupport of the harbour of this place, and the progrefs made in this work in 1765, viii. [116. 127]-the placard iffured February 20th, 1772, prohibiting the exportation of feveral kinds of provifions, xv. [80]

Du Quefne fort, the rife and impor

nour of the English re-established in this country, and the total revoJution of their affairs, in favour of their Eaft-India Company, by the bravery of admiral Watfon and colonel, afterwards lord, Clive, i. 30-33--the ftate of the war in 1758, between the English and French; the defeat of the French fleet under M. d'Ache; the capture of Fort St. David's by M. de Lally, who is afterwards repulfed at Tanjour, and obliged to raife the fiege of Madras, ii. 53, 5479, 80. 95, 96--the ill fuccefs of the French in 1759, [iii. 63, 64]the engagement and defeat of the Dutch in 1760, who wanted and endeavoured to engrofs the trade of faltpetre, [113-116] the affaffination of the grand mogul, with an enquiry into the caufe, and a defcription of his fucceffor, [137]- -propofals of France, relating to her fettlements at the time a treaty of peace was negociating in 1761, iv. [21]the fuccefs which crowned the military exploits of the English, and the diftrefs and ruin of the French fettlements, both in Bengal and Bombay, with fome reflections on the uncommon circumstances attending the war between the English and French, [54-58]-

-a remarkable infurrection of the natives at the island of Ceylon, and the deftruction of the plantations which followed, [175]- the nature and limits of the territorial fettlements of the En

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glish and French agreed to and confirmed by these two several nations, at the general peace, which took place in 1763, v. [61] and [238]rative of the proceedings of the English after they had elevated Mir Jaffier Aly Cawn to the dignity of Nabob, till he was depofed, and Mir Coffim fet up in his place, vii. [3436]-the character and designs of Mir Coffim; his difputes with the English, and the war they undertook against him; their military proceedings againft Patna, at Balafara, at Nuncas Nullas, and Auda Nulla, together with the reduction of Mongheer, till Mir Cossim, after various defeats, through fear of the English, flies from Bengal, [36-44]--the ill confequence of depofing Mir Coffim Aly Cawn, which raifed up a politic and formidable enemy in Sujah Doula, viii. [8-13]- -Sujah Doula routed, and the bad afpect of his affairs, [13, 14]--the favourable appearance of the ftate of the French fettlements under the management of mr. Law, agent for the French Eaft-India company, [14, 15]-the annual revenue of the English fettlements in 1763, [15] note the nature of the Dutch colonies in this country, and their flourishing ftate in 1764 and 1765, [15, 16]the dangers which the English had to apprehend from the military exploits of Coffim Aly Cawn, and from Sujah Doula, and the irruption of the Mahrattas in favour of Sujah Doula, till they were routed by general Carnac, to whom Sujah Doula furrenders himself a prifoner; and the termination of the war (begun on account of Mir Coffim) in favour of the English, ix. [20—24]——the great difcontent among the council and other officers of the English Eaft-India Company in Bengal and at Madras, produced by fome measures of the felect committee (which was appointed by the Company at home for reforming the domeftic difpofition and adminiftration of affairs in this country) of which lord Clive was the chief, [24-28] the immenfe revenue ariling to the Company in confequence of the treaty made between the Company and the fucceffor of Jaffier Aly Cawn in 1765, which was the moft. advantageous that was ever made by them, [28-31] this immenfe revenue foon kindled diffenfion among the fervants of the English

Company in the Eaft Indies, and then produced contentions of equal violence in the Company itself at home: hence their affairs hecame a fubject of public difcuffion, and the ministry began to interfere in the difpofition of them, in the winter of the year 1766; fo much indeed, that from this time they ceafed to be a private, and became a public object, x. [40—44]the nature of the bill paffed in 1766, for agreeing with the propofals made by the British Eaft-India Company, for an accommodation with the British government; and the fubftance of the bill paffed in 1767, for regulating the dividends of the faid Company, [41*

-45*] and [104]--the ftate of the war with Hyder Aly in 1767 and 1768, xi. [65-67] and [101]Hyder Aly ravages the Carnatic, and advances within a few miles of Madras, in October 1768, and concludes a peace April the 38, 1769, with the English in the Carnatic, xii. [48-52]--the fad influence which thefe affairs had on the Eaft-India Company at home; the fupervisors appointed to examine into the causes of the abuses and mifmanagement of the officers in India; the great debates upon the powers to be granted to the fupervifors; and the naval force granted to recover their fettlements,[52-541-the open interference of government in the appointment of the fupervisors, and the debates it occafioned among the directors of the Company, [54-57]

dreadful fire which happened in the fortrefs of Trichinopoli in 1771, and the great damage done by it, xv. [126]the great difpofition which prevailed in Spain in 1773, for the eftablishment of a direct and confiderable trade between this country and Spain, the advantageous fituation of the Philippine Islands for this purpofe, and the reafons which prevented it from taking place, xvi. [53]-the expedition made by the English in 1772, against Broach, near Surat, 120, 121]a fhort account of the proceedings at Madras, and of the controverfy refpecting Tanjour, and of the revolution effected by the depofition of lord Pagot, xx. [252255]-xxi. [165, 1667- -the com

to

mencement of boftilities between the English and French in 1778, and the preparations for undertaking the fiege of Pondicherry in Auguft in the fame year, under the direction of major

general

general Monro by land, and fir Edward Vernon by fea, xxii. [174, 175] -the ftate of the English and French fleets on Auguft the 10th, 1778, when an engagement took place between the fleets, to the advantage of the English; who were prevented from renewing the action by the fudden and total disappearance of the French on Auguft the 11th, [175, 176]-the operations of the fiege of Pondicherry, till it furrendered to the English, October the 16th, when the garrifon were indulged with very honourable terms of capitulation, [177, 178]See alfo this article under NATURAL HISTORY

Egra in Bohemia, cannonaded and almoft laid in afhes by the Pruffians, v. [53]

Egypt, revolution effected by Aly Bey, who mounted the throne, xiii. [3941]-xiv. [80*]-made fubject again to the Ottoman power, xv. [18, 19] [25, 26]

Eimbach reduced by the French, iii. [24]

England, the origin of the war, com

menced with the French in 1756, arofe from the uncertain limits of their territories in North America, particularly the country of Acadia, (now called Nova Scotia) and the fettlements on the banks of the Ohio, i. 1, 2, 37 -firft military operations against the French unfuccefsful at Fort du Quefne, 4- -lofe Minorca, which, produces much public discontent, 5-an alliance formed with the king of Pruffia, 6-loffes in America and the East Indies, at the commencement of the war, 13, 14. 29, 30]-happy revolution of their affairs in the Eaft Indies in 1757, 30-32 --pleasing ftate of their affairs in 1758, 38-40. 75, 76, 77-state of its military and naval power, and happy internal union, at the beginning of 1759, ii. 7-reflections made on the battle of Minden, and proceedings in confequence of it, in this country, 19, 20. 56threatened with an invafion, and the laudable public fpirit which appeared on this occafion, 21, 22. 51. 92, 93. 106, 107. 112, 113. 115, 116- -the ftate of affairs in it at the clofe of the year 1759, and pacific propofal to the belligerent powers in the career of victory, 55, 56-fome account of the great and expenfive voluntary ex

ertions of public fpirit and beneficence, and large fubfcriptions for en, lifting foldiers, for cloathing the enemies' prifoners, and for adminiftering to the relief of the families of thofe who had fallen in the battles of Quebec and Minden, 56. 71. 106, 107. 112. 116. 120, 124. 130—iii. [73. 11-additional duties for the fervice of 1759, ii. 77meffages from his majesty to the houfe of lords and the houfe of commons, relating to the British fettlements in the Eaft Indies and North America, and to the threatened invafion of England in 1759, and the anfwers, full of loyalty and public spirit, given to the fame, 88-90. 92, 93- -the state of the land forces, in 1759, in this country, 100-number of feamen voted in 1759, 127-ships taken from the enemy, or deftroyed, from the commencement of the war to the end of 1759, twenty-feven fhips of the line, and thirty-one frigates, and two ships of the line and four frigates loft; fhips belonging to England loft, feven men of war, and five frigates, 131, 132-pacific propofals made by it and Pruffia to the belligerent powers in 1759, and the difficulties in bringing them to a conclufion, iii. [3-5]-ftate of the military forces fent into Germany in 1760, and the murmurs at the continental war in that country, [10. 38] [51-55] [120, 121] captures by the French from March it to the 10th of June 1760, two hundred and two fhips, [111]and from June ift, 1756, to June ift, 1760, iii. [120]-captures made by the English from June 1ft, 1756, to June ift, 1760, [120]-difputes about the command of the British troops in Germany, [125, 126]-ships belonging to Liverpool taken by the enemy from May it, 1756, to July 25th, 1760, [127]-- - her conduct

on receiving pacific propofals from France, and the confederate belligerent states, in 1761, iv. [6, 7]— agreement with the court of Verfailles to treat of a feparate peace, articles propofed by England, objects of the negociation, and the influence of French machinations in Spain, which produce memorials between the courts of London and Verfailles, [18-24]-the difference with France relating to the German alli. ance, and the captures antecedent to

the

the declaration of war, and the confequence it produced of breaking off the negociation for peace, [39-41]

difputes concerning the refignation of mr. Pitt in 1761, [46-48] difpute with Spain, and the measures taken by the courts of London and Madrid previous to it, [49-53]-the number of fhips faid to be taken by this country, and by France, in the year 1760, [59]--the number of French prifoners faid to be in England in 1761, and the number of English prifoners in Old France, at that time, [101]-an exact lift of French fhips of war taken fince the commencement of hoftilities to September 1761, [161] an exact lift of the number and value of merchant fhips belonging to the French taken and ranfomed for nine months, ending with September 1761, [ibid.]-number of English merchant ships taken by the French, [162]-a fhort view of the whole royal navy belonging to this country, which were actually in commiffion in December 1761, to the number of 372 king's fhips, and an account of the Englifh fhips of war which were loft, taken, or become unferviceable, in the year 1761, [190] -the ill ftate of the alliance with Pruffia, in the beginning of the year 1762, V. [1-3]-the doubtful and dangerous fituation of this country at the commencement of the war with Spain, in the year 1762, [4–6] -the public and private advantages which this country received from the conqueft of the Havannah, the fuccefs of her arms in the Eaft Indies, and the capture of the Spanish regifter fhip, the Hermione, which difpofed the houfes of Bourbon to peace, [43, 44]-the reasons for the Englith cabinet inclining to peace, [4548]

-fome account of the definitive treaty of peace, built upon the preliminaries, figned by England and France, and the mutual agreement between the courts of London and Verfailles to withdraw themselves from their German alliances, [54,55] and [239]the effect of the Bourbon alliance in haftening the peace, and the causes which produced it, [55]— the tenures and limits of the fettlements in North America, in the Eaft and Weft Indies, in Africa, and in Europe, agreed to and confirmed at the general peace; with a fummary

view of the arguments ufed in favour of, and in oppofition to, the terms of the peace, [56-62] and [234247-a lift of the hips taken by the French in October, November, and December, 1761, [65]- an account of the number of ships taken from the French and Spaniards in the courfe of the war, [121, 122]—the great extent of empire in North America acquired by the peace, the exertions purfued to render this extenfive tract of country highly beneficial to the mother country, the jealoufy of the Indians in Canada and the neighbouring countries at the newly acquired territories of the English, which produced a war between the English and the Indians, and the ftate and iffue of this war in 1763, vi. [18-32]-the number of men employed by land and fea in 1762, with an eftimate of the annual favings, acquired by a peace, taken from the expences in fupporting fuch a number of men for a year, [50]a computation of the lofs of feamen and marines in the laft war, [ibid.]-the total returns of the effective numbers of officers, men, fervants, women, and horfes, the British troops confifted of, on their march through Holland for England, at the time of the peace; the convention with the States General, relating to their paffage through Holland, and their regular behaviour in paffing through that country, 52, 53-account of a propofal for employing the feamen difcharged at the peace, in the Greenland fishery, [59]--the ceremony obferved on the proclamation of peace, March the 22d, 1763, in London, [63] the fum due from France for the maintenance of their prisoners in England, and the reafon why the French court left them a burthen upon the English, [68]-the attention fhewed by government to reward the foldiers and failors who were employed in the late war, [117 119]the internal divifions, the violent fpirit of party, and character of the libellous writings, in 1764, vii. [18-33]the encouragement given to cultivate and improve the lands in the iflands of Grenada, the Grenadines, Dominica, St. Vincent, and Tobago, which were ceded to England at the general peace [57] the duties laid on foreign articles

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