E to British forts, and fettlements upon the coaft of, ii. 174-iii, [183. 188]-v. E152. 164. 167]-vi. [177-179 vii. [162]-viii. [240]- ix. [202] [203]—x. [213] [216. 218. negroe flaves bartered for in 1768, xii. [114] parliamentary grants to, in 1769, ib. [218, 219. 221]-in 1770, xiii. [234] [236]-in 1771, xiv. [225] -in 1772, XV. [209, 210, 211]-in 1773, xvi. [226, 227. 229]-im 1774, xvii. [250-253]-in 1775, xviii. [245] in 1776, xix. [249, 250]-in 1777, XX. [266. 268]-in 1778, xxi. [276. 278] in 1779, xxii. [325. 329] Africa, the regulations which took place between the English and French, at the general peace, in the divifion of the trade on the river Senegal, and the adjacent coaft in that country, v. Aix, (the island near to Belleifle, stions were deftroyed in July 1761, by Sir Thomas Stanhope and Captain Aix la Chapelle, a defcription of the O P on them by the dey in 1761, and the Chriftian flaves 1763, and the extraordinary method of pu nishing an infraction of treaty, [112, the grand duke of Tuscany, and other European powers, in 1764, vii. [101. 108]-treaty with the republic of the United Provinces, ix. [80]- renounces the authority of the Porte in 1767, x. [11. 53]-reduced to the power of the Porte in 1772, XV. [18, 19]-differences with, Great Britain, xv. [152]-xvii. [122]—war with Spain, and profecution of it in 1774 and 1775, xvii. [36-38]-xvii. [142*147*] Allied army, the, (confifting of En- glish and Pruffians) their military ope- rations in Germany, in 1758, i. 35. 43-45—in 1759, ii. 8. 15—21. 28, 29. 50-in 1760, iii. [2. 23-25. 349 35]-in 1761, iv. [8. 10-12. 24- 28. 30.1-in 1762, v. [24-28] and Almeida befieged and taken by the Spa- Ammonebourg attacked and reduced by Ancona, calamitous event in 1761, pro- Angria, the fort of the prince of, de- on the 17th of Auguft, 1769, reduced almoft to aflies the town of St. John in this island, and the royal donation of one thousand pounds, which was made by his majefty for the immediate relief of the unhappy fufferers, xii. [141, 142]-a remarkable difpute between the honourable Stephen Blizard, efq. chief justice of the commonpleas in this ifland, and the jury, in a caufe which was brought before them, in 1771, xiv. [150, 151] Archangel, a dreadful fire which happened in 1763, vi. [51]-the establishment of a French factory in 1766, by permiffion of the Ruffian court, ix. [5.52] Augfburgh appointed for the congrefs relating to the treaty of peace propofed and entered into by the belligerent powers at the beginning of 1761, the difficulties in the negotiation, and the caufes which put an end to the negotiation, and produced a war between Spain and England and Portugal, iv. [4-7] [13, 14] [18-24] [37-53]a fhort account of its fituation, civil and ecclefiaftical government, and memorable confeffion of faith by the Lutherans in 1550, [117, 118] Avignon taken from the pope, and annexed to the French territories in Provence, in 1769, and the reafon affigned for this proceeding, xii. [38] reftored to the fee of Rome in 1773, on the final fuppreffion of the Jefuits, xvi. [57] Auftria, origin of the war between this house and the king of Pruffia arose from the mutual claims upon Silefia, i. 2. 7 forms an alliance with 'France, called the treaty of Verfailles; with an account of its political ftate previous to this treaty, and its confederacy with France and fome powerful German ftates against Great Pritain and Pruffia, 6-8--the duchies of Parma, Placentia, and Guaftalla promifed to be reftored to this court by the treaty of Aix la Chapelle, on the acceffion of Don Carlos of Naples to the crown of Spain, and the reafons why they were not claim ed, ii. 2, 37 -fingular nature of the refources for maintaining a conftant military force in this country, and condition of this country at the beginning of 1759, 4, 5-the demands made by it on the Pruffian monarch, and reason why it did not accede to the propofals made for peace at the end of 1759, iii. [3-5]-pacific proposals and treaty begun in 1761, and the caufes which prevented the fuccefs, iv. [37]-the nature and ab ftance of the peace in 1762 between this court and his Pruffian majefty, v. [63] and [247-249]--the alliances which took place in 1765 and in 1768 between the houfes of Auftria and Bourbon by feveral intermarriages, viii. [2, 3]-xi. [35] fome account of the nuptials of the archduke Leopold of Auftria to the infanta Maria Louifa of Spain, viii. [196-200]a fummary account, containing the views and defigns, the conduct and proceedings, of the houfe of Auftria, with refpect to Poland, from the commencement of the troubles in that kingdom, and the unhappy effects it had upon the Poles, and the probable effect which was produced, by the unexpected union in politics and fentiments between the courts of Vienna and Berlin, upon the measures and conduct of the court of Petersburg, xv. [22-26]—the fpecification containing the parts of Poland which the houfe of Auftria claimed to their fhare in this partition in 1772, [29, 30]—the illustrious figure which the houfe of Austria made in 1776, when the emperor Jofeph II. abolished the torture, with all its horrors, within his hereditary dominions, and granted a moft liberal religious toleration; with the happy effects of this toleration in Hungary, xix. [188*]-characteristic proofs of the fame beneficence, attention to the welfare and happiness of the people, and regard to the rights of mankind, were displayed by the fame emperor, in Bohemia, where the peasants, who were dependent on the royal demefnes, were freed from their former villenage, [188*]-the heads of the convention figned in December 1776, between this court and the republic of Venice, by which the difputes, which fubfifted between them about the limits of Morlachia, were concluded and settled, xx. [162] -the nature and fubftance of the I convention concluded between the new elector of Bavaria and the head of the house of Auftria, in January 1778; the claims which were made by this houfe on certain territories in Bavaria; the manner in which, and the the states by whom, thefe claims were controverted; the fupport which the king of Pruffia gave to these ftates in the demands they made in fupport of their rights; the memorials, propofals, and negociation to accommodate and fettle matters, till at length the Auftrian and Pruffian ftates began to prepare for war, xxi. [5-18]--the ftate and progrefs of the campaign between the emperor of Germany and the king of Pruffia; the great prudence and judgment fhewed by the emperor in this his firft effay in war;" and the military operations in Bohemia, on the fide of Saxony, and in the Auftrian Silefia, [19-35] -the event of this campaign induces a dif pofition favourable to the pacific views of the emprefs queen, which are further feconded by the mediation of Ruffia and France, xxiii. [1-4]this mediation produced a fufpenfion of arms to be published, and a congrefs to be affembled at Tefchen for negociating a peace, which was finally concluded May 13th 1779, within the fpace of two months from the time of opening the congrefs; the fubftance of this peace, and the equitable principles upon which it was conducted and concluded, [5, 6]-See alfo Germany and Hungary, for matters relating to the houfe of Auftria. Auftrians, the, military campaigns, of, in 1757, i. 15-18-[41, 42. 48]- Azores, the, all united under one government, ix. [146] B. BAHAMA, defcription of the Old Streights of, v. [37] Bahama Islands Itripped of artillery and ftores by the provincials, xix. [158*] Balambangan (an ifland in the Eaft Indies, on the north point of Borneo) was originally in the poffeffion of the Soolooans, an Ahatic nation, xviii. [93] -it was afterwards claimed by the English, Spaniards, and Dutch, with a concife account of the refpective claims, till the English were deprived of it by the king of Sooloo, [93, 94] Bamberg taken and pillaged by the Pruffians, with the loud complaints against this conduct, ii. 10 Banda Neira, (one of the Molucca inlanda) a dreadful earthquake in 1763, vii. [96, 97] Barbadoes, two dreadful fires in May and December 1766, the very great damages done, and the benefactions in England upon this account, ix. [114. 134. 144. 148] and x. [77]the British parliamentary grant to this colony in 1770, xiii. [236]--and in 1775, when the crops of fugar were remarkably bad, xviii. [143]the melancholy picture of the fad ftate of this ifland in 1776, arifing from the great fcarcity of provifions, and the caufes to which it was attributed, in an addrefs prefented to his majesty on this occafion from the inhabitants of that ifland, xix. [167]-the calamities produced by the American troubles, xx. [26, 27] Barbary, ftates of, renounce subjection to the Porte, x. [11. 53] Baffora, ftate of the English factory at, ix. [54]-taken by the Perfians, xix. [191*] Bavaria, the great change in the political affairs of Germany, by the renewal of claims and pretenfions made by two powerful states, on the death of Maximilian Jofeph, the late elector of this country, who died December the 30th 1777, and in whom the male "William" line was extinguished, xxi. [3, 4]---fome account of the character and difpofition of his fucceffor, Charles Theodore, the elector palatine of the Rhine, [4, 5-the feizure which was made by the Auftrian troops upon the Lower Bavaria, and upon the Upper Palatinate; and the fubftance of the convention concluded between the new elector and the court of Vienna, in January 1777, [5, 6]- a fhort view of the history of the two great branches of the Bavarian or Palatine line, fo far as it relates to the prefent conteft, [6-11] claims of the houfe of Auitria to feveral parts, or the whole of the Upper Palatinate, were much controverted, particularly by the prin e of Deux Ponts, by the electress dowager of Saxony, and by the dukes of Mecklenburg, who found a very powerful fupport in the king of Pruffia, who has a jealous eye upon every thing which may aggrandize the B 2 houfe of Auftria, and prefented pub- Belgrade, city of, almoft reduced to Belleifle, glorious defeat of the French off, ii. 52, 53-defcribed, with an Bender, its fituation, ftrength, and im- Benevento violently feized by the king of Naples in 1768, who continued in poffeflion of it, without any formal Gefion of this duchy from the pope, or a purchase being agreed upon for it with his holiness, till the year 1773; when the pope was reinftated in it, on paffing a bill for the fuppreffisin of the order of Jefuits, xi. [53]xii. [38]-xvi. [57] Bengal, the military honour of the Englith re-established here in 1757, and a total révolution of their affairs in favour of their Eaft India Company, by the bravery of admiral Watfon and colonel Clive, i. 30-33-the fuccefs, of the English arms in 1761, iv. [56, 571-ftipulations made by the French, at the general peace, relating to this country, v. [61] and [238]--the ftate of affairs here, after Mir Jaffier Aly Cawn was appointed Mogul by the Eaft India Company, vii. [34,35] the depofition of Jaffier Aly Cawn, and the appointment of Mir Coffim to fucceed him, with a defcription of his character, and defigns against the English, till a war is undertaken againft him; with a narrative of the feveral and fuccefsful military operations in favour of the English, till Mir Coffim, after fuffering repeated defeats, flies out of Bengal, [36-44] -the ill confequence of depofing Mir Coffim Aly Cawn, and the politic conduct of Sujah Doula, who for a time obferved a pacific conduct towards the English; till, at length, he drew a formidable.army into the field, and oppofed the English with fome fuccefs in 1764, but was afterwards routed in 1765, viii. [8-14]- the profecution of this war, in 1765; the irruption of the Marattas made in favour of Sujah Doula; the fuccefs of general Carnac, who puts them to the rout; the furrender of Sujah Doula; the conclufion of the war (begun on account of Mir Coffim); the death of Jaffier Aly Cawn; and the advantageous treaty concluded by the Company with the young nabob his fucceffor, ix. [20-24]-the abso...* lute power vefted in the felect committee, appointed by the Company in England, for reforming the domeftic difpofition and administration of af fairs in this country, on lord Clive's arrival there in 1765; the great dif fentions produced by fome of their proceedings; the immenfe revenue arifing to the Company in confequence of their treaty with the fucceffor of Jaffier Aly Cawn, and the profperous state of their affairs, [25 31the court of record, called the Tupreme court of judicature, at Fort William, in the bay of Bengal, was inftituted by his majefty March the 22d 17749 when the feveral judges appointed to conftitute this court received their nomination by his majefty, xvii. [103, 104]--the Danish trade between Denmark and this country was declared free by the g government in 1775, on paying a duty of 8 per cent. which deprived the Danish Eaft India Company of their exclufive privilege, xviii. [89]-the unfortunate difagreement which took place between the members of the fupreme council in the British fettlements in 1774, with other particu lars relating to the fame, [162] and [184] Berbicia, (a valuable Dutch colony, in South America,) a very dangerous infurrection, and rebellion among the negroes at that place, in 1762, vi. [84] Bergen, the action at, in 1759, and the advantages which the French army derived from it, ii. 8, 9. 15-17 Berlin laid under contribution by the Auftrians, i, 20-dangerous confpiracy in 1759, difcovered, ii. 109-attacked and bombarded by the Ruffians and Auftrians in 1760, who foon take it; the city, with its buildings, defcribed; is pillaged, and the king's palaces plundered; the retreat of the enemies, after they had laid waste the whole adjacent country, on the approach of his Pruffian majesty, iii. [42-45]--the rejoicings, illuminations, &c. on his majefty's arrival at his palace, March 30, 1763, after an abfence of fix years, vi. [73, 74] Bermudas, the, a dreadful confpiracy in 1761, iv. [76]-and v. [76]-the difmal apprehenfions of a famine in 1775, in confequence of the difagreeable fituation of affairs between the mothercountry and the British colonies in North America, xviii. [140] Berne (Switzerland), an account of the oppofition fhewed by this canton to the king of Pruffia for interpofing as fovereign in fome religious difputes, relative to the punishments of the dead, in 1761, iv. [151] Black Sea, the, the important advantages which Ruffia would acquire, and the Turks lofe, from the Ruffians being able to eftablifh ports upon this fea; and the reafons for afferting that the court of Petersburg had this in view in 1770, when he undertook the naval expedition into the Mediterranean, and penetrated to the Streights of the Dardanelles, xiii. [5, 6] Bohemia, ftate of the war in, for 1758, i. 8. 16-18- for 1759, ii. 9, 10for 1760, iii. [27]—for 1762, v. [16] [53]-great infurrections and devaftations of the peasants, and redress of their grievances, in 1775 and 1776, xviii. [151-153*] [103. 178, 179] -xix. [188]-a particular and authentic narrative of the beginning and progrefs of the campaign in this country, in 1778, between the emperor of Germany and his Pruffian majesty, till the king evacuated this country, and the Pruffians over-ran the Auftrian Silefia, xxi. [19-35]-the event of this campaign induces a difpofition favourable to the pacific views of the emprefs-queen; which are further feconded by the mediation of Ruffia and France, xxiii. [3, 4]this produced a fufpenfion of arms to be published, and a congrefs to be affembled at Tefchen for negociating a peace, which was finally concluded May 13th 1779, [5]- -the fubftance` of this peace, and the equitable principles upon which it was conducted, [5, 6] Bourbon, the, alliance, or family compact, took place in 1761, iv. [51]— the great danger of this alliance to' England, and the secrecy obferved in this treaty till the negociation for peace. between England and France was broken off, and Spain was prepared to declare war against England, L5153]-fome articles of this treaty, obfervations upon thefe articles, and the confequences of this treaty to Europe, v. [3-5]-was the cause of haftening the peace, after the loffes of the French and Spaniards in the Weft Indies, [55]-an account of the alliances which took place in 1763 between the houfes of Bourbon and Auftria by intermarriages, viii. [2, 3]* and in 1770, xiii. [102]-the firm ftate of this alliance in 1766, between the courts of Verfailles, Madrid, and Naples, ix. [4]-reflections on the nature and probable confequences of this alliance, in 1767, X. [3]——the vifible and apparent effects of the firm union of this family compact, inB 3 creafed |