All Men and Both Sexes: Gender, Politics, and the False Universal in England, 1640-1832Penn State Press, 2002 - 235 trang All Men and Both Sexes explores the use of such universal terms as &"people,&" &"man,&" or &"human&" in early modern England, from the civil war through the Enlightenment. Such language falsely implies inclusion of both men and women when actually it excludes women. Recent scholarship has focused on the Rights of Man doctrine from the Enlightenment and the French Revolution as explanation for women&’s exclusion from citizenship. According to Hilda Smith we need to go back further, to the English Revolution and the more grounded (but equally restricted) values tied to the &"free born Englishman.&" Citing educational treatises, advice literature to young people, guild records, popular periodicals, and parliamentary debates, she demonstrates how the &"male maturation process&" came to define the qualities attached to citizenship and responsible adulthood, which in turn became the basis for modern individualism and liberalism. By the eighteenth century a new discourse of sensibility was describing women as dependent beings outside the state, in a separate sphere and in need of protection. This excluded women from reform debates, forcing them to seek not an extension of a democratic franchise but a specific women&’s suffrage focused on gender difference. |
Nội dung
Only of free Person Male Maturation and the False Universal | 39 |
Citizens of the same CityBrethren and Sisters Gender and Early Modern English Guilds | 73 |
Acting His Own Part Gender the Freeborn Englishman and the Execution of Charles I | 109 |
Interest of the Softer Sex Commercialism Politics and Gender in the Eighteenth Century | 135 |
Masculine GenderTaken to Include Females Gender Radical Politics and the Reform Bill of 1832 | 173 |
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All Men and Both Sexes: Gender, Politics, and the False Universal in England ... Hilda L. Smith Xem trước bị giới hạn - 2002 |
All Men and Both Sexes: Gender, Politics, and the False Universal in England ... Hilda L. Smith Xem trước bị giới hạn - 2010 |
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