A History of Western Civilization ... |
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THE EMPIRE AND THE PAPACY The political background of the Revolt was largely the result of the relations of the papacy with the emperors and the monarchies .
THE EMPIRE AND THE PAPACY The political background of the Revolt was largely the result of the relations of the papacy with the emperors and the monarchies .
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Rudolph of Hapsburg adopted the policy of centering his attention on Germany and so left the papacy all alone to meet the dangers that threatened it . Shortly afterward , Boniface VIII was elected to the papal chair ( 1294 ) .
Rudolph of Hapsburg adopted the policy of centering his attention on Germany and so left the papacy all alone to meet the dangers that threatened it . Shortly afterward , Boniface VIII was elected to the papal chair ( 1294 ) .
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The papacy placed itself under the protection of the French monarchs and felt obliged to promote many utterly unworthy French churchmen to positions of great importance . As a result the pope's influence was greatly reduced in those ...
The papacy placed itself under the protection of the French monarchs and felt obliged to promote many utterly unworthy French churchmen to positions of great importance . As a result the pope's influence was greatly reduced in those ...
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THE PROTESTANT REVOLT I | 1 |
TOWARD FREEDOM | 123 |
INTERNATIONAL RIVALRY IN THE EIGHTEENTH CEN | 174 |
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