A History of Western Civilization ...

affairs Africa agricultural alliance allies army Austria Balkan became began Bismarck bourgeoisie British Bulgaria Catholic caused Charles Church civil clergy colonies commercial constitution Council declared economic eighteenth century emperor Empire England English established Europe European favored feared forced foreign France Frederick French French Revolution Germany Holland Holy Alliance ideas important increased India Industrial Revolution influence interest Italian Italy king labor land later liberal Louis XIV mediaeval ment middle class military minister modern monarchy movement Napoleon Napoleonic wars natural nineteenth century nobility nobles opposed organized papacy papal Paris Parliament peace peasants period Poland political pope population Protestant Protestantism question reform regime religious result revolutionary rulers Russia Sardinia schools Serbia seventeenth century social Spain Spanish spirit struggle suppressed territory theory throne tion trade treaty tried Triple Entente troops tsar Turkey Turkish tury