fame night be expired, and the next morning the great feal was delivered to the archbishop of York, and the lords of the privy-council.
Thus died Henry, in the fixty-fourth year of his age, and the fifty-fixth of his reign, the longest to be met with in the English annals. He was a prince more adapted for private than for public life; his ease, fimplicity, and good nature, would have fecured him that happiness in a lower station, of which they deprived him upon a throne. However, from his calamities, the people afterwards derived the moft permanent bleffings; that liberty which they extorted from his weakness they continued to preserve under bolder princes, who fucceeded him. The flame of freedom had now diffused itself from the incorporated towns through the whole mafs of the people, and ever afterwards blazed forth at convenient seasons; fo that in proportion as the upper orders loft, the people were fure to be gainers. In this conteft, though they often laid down their lives, and fuffered all the calamities of civil war, yet thofe calamities were confidered as nothing, when weighed against the advantages of freedom and fecurity.
ELLA, founds the kingdom of the South Saxons,
Agricola, fent into Britain, 23-defeats the Caledonians, ib.-fails round Britain, 24-humanizes the Britons, ib.-inftructs them in the arts of peace, ib.
Alfred, account of, 72-fucceeds to the crown, 73→ marches against the Danes, ib.-is defeated, ib.relinquishes the enfigns of his dignity, 74-routes the Danes. 77-equips a ftrong fleet, 78-receives homage from the kings of Wales, ib.-cultivates the arts of peace, 79-rebuilds the ruined cities ib:eftablishes a regular militia, ib.-provides a naval force, ib.-defeats the pirates, 80-encourages literature, 82-founds the univerfity of Oxford, ib. -encourages manufactures, ib.-his character, ib. Ambrofius, fucceeds Vortimer, 41-defeats the Saxons and restores the British intereft and dominion, 42 Anglefea, ifle of, taken by Paulinus, 20
Anfelm, archbishop of Canterbury, declares for Urban, 177-opposes the king's orders, 178-retires to Rome, 179-recalled by Henry, 186-engages in the king's party, 188
Arthur, king of England, an account of, 43.
Arthur, nephew to John, claims the throne, 302.fubmits to his uncle, 303-flies to the court of France, 304-defeated and taken prifoner, 305-put to death,
Arts and fciences, tranfplanted into England, 62
Afcalon, taken by the chriftians, 283
Atheling Edgar, retreats into Scotland, 147.-returns
to England, and lives retired, ib.
Athelftan, ravages Scotland, 86-fubdues Conftantine,
ib.
Auguftine, the monk, fent into Britain, 4e-his exem-
plary conduct, 50-lands in the ifle of Thanet, ib.
converts Ethelbert to chriftianity, 51-confecrated
archbishop of Canterbury, ibid.
Auguftus, forms a defign of invading Britain, 13-di-
verted from it, how, ib.-
BARONIES, eftablished by William the Con-
Barons, their power in the reign of William I. 149-
form a confpiracy against John, 324-prefent their
demands to the king, 325-defpife the pope's re-
monftrance, 327-make war against the king, 329.
encamp on Runemede, 331-obtain the great charter
of liberties, 322-twenty-five of their order appoint-
ed as confervators of the public liberty, 336-reduced
to the most deplorable circumftances, 339-apply to
Philip for relief, ib.-become the tyrants of the peo-
ple, 350- refign their caftles, 351-their un-
bounded authority, 364-fubmit to Henry III. 368
-conclude a peace, 369
Becket, Thomas à, his extraction, 224-a clerk in the
Sheriff's-office, ib.-preferred by the archbishop of
Canterbury, 255-ftudies the civil law at Bologna, ib.
-made archdeacon of Canterbury, ib-recommended
to Henry II. ib.-made chancellor, ib.-his immense
revenues, ib.-his pomp and magnificence, 226-his
conduct while chancellor, ib.-promoted to the fee of
Canterbury, 227-refigns the feals, ib.-changes his
conduct, 228-opposes the king, 230-is commanded
by the king to furrender his caftles, 231-quits Lon
don apruptly, ib.-submits to the king, ib.figns the
Conftitutions of Clarendon, 232-redoubles his auf-
terities, 233-his goods and chattels confifcated, 234
-his infolent conduct, 235-puts himself under the
pope's protection, 236-retires to the continent,
ib.-excommunicates the king's chief minifters by
name-239-obtains leave to return, 241-his ad-
vantagious terms of agreement, 242-his fplendid
progrefs through Kent, 243-fufpends the archbishop
of York, ib.-excommunicates the bifhops of Lon-
don and Salisbury, 244-is murdered at the altar,
246-confidered as a faint, ib.
Bertram de Jourdon, wounds Richard I. with an arrow,
296-his noble anfwer to that prince, 297-fet at
liberty, ib.-flead alive by Marcade, ib.
Birtha, queen of Kent, exerts herself in the cause of
Christianity, 50
Blathim, prince of North Wales joins with Edwin and
Morcar against William, 144
Boadicea, her cruel ufage, 21-excites the Britons to a
revolt, ib.-heads a confiderable army, ib-defeated
by the Romans, 22-puts an end to her life by
poison, ib.
Britannia, its name, whence, 2-its commodities,
what, 4
Britons, their ancient ftate, 1-little known before the
time of the Romans, 2-their general name, ib.→→
how distinguished from ftrangers, ib.-their manner
of living, 3-their cloathing, ib.-their language,
cuftoms, religion, and government, 4-their war-
chariots, 5-their druids, 6-their fuperftition, ib.
their altars, ib.—their courage, 7-are invaded by
Cæfar, 10-fend embassadors to appeafe Cæfar, ib.-
their defence against Cæfar, 11-are obliged to fub.
mit, ib.-accept the terms offered by Cæfar, ib.-
relieved from the terrors of war, 12-neglect the per-
formance of their ftipulations, ib.-are again invaded,
ib.-make choice of Caffibelaunus for their com-
mander, ib.-fend an embaffy to Auguftus, 13-their
humanity to Roman foldiers wrecked on their coaft, 14
-their
their great improvements in war, commerce, &c
b.-revolt against the Romans, 21-civilized by
Agricola, 24-left by the Romans, 28-invaded by
the Picts and Scots, 31-apply, in vain, to Rome for
relief, 32-chuse Vortigern for their fovereigni, 34-
invite the Saxons into England, 37-forfake their
their country, and take refuge in Wales and Corn-
wall, 46-rebel against Edwy, 94
Burgh, Hubert de, appointed chief jufticiary, 350-
quiets the turbulent barons, 351-is difcarded from
his office, 352-takes fanctuary in a church ib.-ef-
capes and lives retired, 353.
CESAR, his defign of invading Britain, 9-his rea-
fon for fo doing, 10-receives the British embaf-
fadors, ib.-sets fail for Britain, ib.-lands at Deal,
ib.-
-overcomes the Britons, II-returns into Gaul,
12-invades Britain a fecond time, ib.-burns the
capital city of Caffibelaunus, 13-returns again into
Gaul, ib.
Canute, the Dane, invades England, 107-is opposed
by Edmund, ib.-divides the kingdom with that
prince, ib.-is crowned king, ib.-the duplicity of
his conduct, ib.—marries Emma, daughter to the
Duke of Normandy, 109-undertakes a pilgrimage
to Rome, 110-adulations of his fubjects, ib.-
convinces them of their error, ib.-his death, III
Caractacus, opposes the Romans, 16-is defeated and
fent prifoner to Rome, 17-his noble behaviour be-
fore Claudius, 18-pardoned and fet at liberty, 19
Caffibelaunus, commander in chief of the Britifh forces,
11-accepts the conditions offered him by Cæfar, ib.
Ceaulin, king of Weffex, fubdues the Britons, 55—
attacks the Saxons, ib.-driven from the throne, 56.
Ceodwalla, king of Weffex, fubdues the kingdom of
Suffex, 56
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