In faith whereof the above-named plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty and affixed thereto their seals.

Done at Angora, the 5th day of June, 1926, in triplicate.

(Signed) R. C. LINDSAY.

DR. T. ROUCHDI.

NOURI SAID.

Sir R. Lindsay and Nouri Said to Tewfik Rushdi Bey.

ANGORA, June 5, 1926.

Your Excellency,-With reference to Article 14 of the Treaty signed by us to-day, we have the honour to declare that if, within twelve months from the coming into force of this Treaty, the Turkish Government desires to capitalise its share of the royalties mentioned in the said Article, it shall notify the Iraq Government of its desire, and the latter, within thirty days after the receipt of this notice, shall pay to the Turkish Government in full satisfaction on account of this article the sum of 500,000l. sterling.

On the other hand, it is understood that the Turkish Government undertakes not to divest itself of its interests in the said royalties without previously giving the Iraq Government the opportunity of acquiring those interests at a price not higher than that which any third party may be ready to pay.

It is agreed that the present exchange of notes constitutes an integral part of the Treaty signed to-day. We avail, etc.

Tewfik Rushdi Bey to Sir R. Lindsay and Colonel Nouri Said.

ANGORA, June 5, 1926.

Your Excellency, I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's note of to-day's date of which I take note, and by which your Excellency, referring to Article 14 of the Treaty signed between us to-day, has been so good as to declare that

"If, within twelve months from the coming into force of this Treaty, the Turkish Government desires to capitalise its share of the royalties mentioned in the said article, it shall notify the Iraq Government of its desire, and the latter, within thirty days after the receipt of this notice, shall pay to the Turkish Government in full satisfaction on account of this article the sum of 500,000l. sterling.

"On the other hand, it is understood that the Turkish Government undertakes not to divest itself of its interests in the said royalties without previously giving the Iraq Government the opportunity of acquiring those interests at a price not higher than that which any third party may be ready to pay.

"It is agreed that the present exchange of notes constitutes an integral part of the Treaty signed to-day." I avail, etc.

(Signed) T. RUSHDI.

III.

THE RUSSO-GERMAN TREATY.

(April 24, 1926.)

The German Government and the Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, inspired by the desire to do everything that can contribute to the maintenance of general peace and in the conviction that the interest of the German people and of the people of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics demands that co-operation between them shall be continuous and mutually trusting, have agreed to strengthen the friendly relations existing between them by a special Treaty, and for this purpose have nominated as plenipotentiaries, for the German Government, the Reich Foreign Minister, Herr Gustav Stresemann; and for the Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, M. Nikolai Nikolaievitch Krestinsky; who, after the exchange of their credentials in good and proper form, have agreed upon the following

terms:-

Article 1. The basis of the relations between Germany and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics remains the Treaty of Rapallo.

The German Government and the Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics will remain in friendly touch with one another in order to promote an understanding with regard to all questions of a political and economic character mutually affecting their two countries.

Article 2. Should one of the contracting parties, in despite of its peaceful attitude, be attacked by a third party or by several third parties, the other contracting party will observe neutrality during the entire duration of the conflict.

Article 3. Should, as the result of a conflict of the kind mentioned in Article 2, or even at a time in which neither of the contracting parties is involved in warlike affairs, a coalition be formed between third parties for the purpose of imposing upon one of the contracting parties an economic or financial boycott, the other contracting party undertakes not to adhere to such coalition.

Article 4. This Treaty is to be ratified and the deeds of ratification are to be exchanged in Berlin.

The Treaty comes into force with the exchange of the deeds of ratification and is valid for the period of five years. The two contracting parties will come to an understanding in good time before the expiry of this period as to the form their political relations may take in the future.

The plenipotentiaries have signed this agreement, done in duplicate, in Berlin on April 24, 1926.

(Signed) STRESEMANN.

KRESTINSKY.

THE GERMAN NOTE.

FOREIGN OFFICE,
BERLIN, April 24, 1926.

To the Ambassador of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics in Germany, M. Krestinsky, Berlin.

With reference to the negotiations upon the Treaty signed to-day between the German Government and the Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, I have the honour to make the following observations in the name of the German Government :

1. In the negotiation and signature of the Treaty, both Governments have concurred in the assumption that the principle laid down by them. in Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Treaty, of reaching an understanding on all questions of a political and economic character jointly affecting the two countries, will contribute considerably to the maintenance of general peace. In any case, the two Governments will bear in mind in their deliberations the need for the maintenance of the general peace.

2. In this spirit also the two Governments have approached the fundamental questions which are bound up with the entry of Germany into the League of Nations. The German Government is convinced that Germany's membership of the League cannot constitute an obstacle to the friendly development of the relations between Germany and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics. The League of Nations is designed, according to the basic idea of its foundation, for the peaceful and equitable settlement of international disputes. The German Government is determined to collaborate in the realisation of this idea to the best of its ability. If, however though the German Government does not anticipate this-there should at any time take shape within the framework of the League, contrary to that fundamental idea of peace, any efforts directed exclusively against the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, Germany would most energetically oppose such efforts.

3. The German Government proceeds upon the assumption that this fundamental attitude of German policy towards the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics cannot be adversely influenced by the loyal observation of the obligations (arising out of Articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant of the League and relating to the application of sanctions) which would come into existence for Germany as the consequence of her entry into the League of Nations. By the terms of these articles, the application of sanctions. against the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics would come into consideration (in the absence of other causes) only if the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics entered upon a war of aggression against a third State.

In connexion herewith it is to be borne in mind that the question whether the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics is the aggressor in the event of a conflict with a third State could only be determined with binding force for Germany with that State's own consent; and that, therefore, an accusation in this sense settled by another Power against the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics and regarded by Germany as unjustified, would not oblige Germany to take part in measures of any kind instituted

H

on the authority of Article 16. With regard to the question whether, in a concrete case, Germany would be in a position to take part in the application of sanctions at all, and to what extent, the German Government relies upon the Note of December 1, 1925, on the interpretation of Article 16, addressed to the German Government on the occasion of the signing of the Treaty complex of Locarno.

4. In order to create a secure basis for disposing without friction of all questions arising between them, the two Governments regard it as desirable that they should immediately embark upon discussion for the conclusion of a general Treaty for the peaceful solution of any conflicts that may happen to arise between the two parties, when special attention. shall be given to the possibilities of the process of agreement and arbitration. (Signed) STRESEMANN.

THE SOVIET NOTE.

EMBASSY OF THE UNION OF SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLICS,
BERLIN, April 24, 1926.

Your Excellency,-In acknowledging receipt of the Note which you have addressed to me with regard to the negotiations on the Treaty signed to-day between the Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics and the German Government, I have the honour to make the following reply in the name of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics :

1. Both Governments during the negotiations and the signing of the Treaty have proceeded on the assumption that the principle of an understanding laid down by them in Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Treaty, with regard to mutual political and economic questions in both countries, shall in the main contribute to the preservation of the general peace. In any event, both Governments will be guided in their discussions by the essential need for preserving the general peace.

2. The Government of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics takes note of the explanation contained in Numbers 2 and 3 of your Note concerning the principal questions which are connected with Germany's entry into the League of Nations.

3. In order to create a secure basis for disposing without friction of all questions arising between them, the two Governments regard it as desirable that they should immediately embark upon discussions for the conclusion of a general Treaty for the peaceful solution of any conflicts that may happen to arise between the two parties, when special attention shall be given to the possibilities of the process of agreement and arbitration. (Signed) KRESTINSKY.

OBITUARY

OF

EMINENT PERSONS DECEASED IN 1926.

66

JANUARY.

1. Sir John Le Sage, distinguished as a journalist, was born at Clifton in 1837, the son of John Le Sage. In 1863, after some newspaper experience in the country, he came to London, and was engaged as a shorthand reporter by Mr. Levy, the founder of the Daily Telegraph. As his marked ability soon became apparent, he was selected to be Mr. Levy's secretary. Some of the paper's greatest scoops were Le Sage's work. Thus, he was first with the description of the entry of the Germans into Paris in 1871, and with the news, in 1878, that the British Fleet had orders to force the Dardanelles. It was a conversation between Le Sage and Stanley that led to the famous expedition across Africa. Le Sage was in Paris during the whole period of the Commune, and in 1882 he was with Sir Garnet Wolseley's first expedition in Egypt as war correspondent. He also served his paper as correspondent in Italy, Russia, America, and Canada. But his gift for organisation found its proper scope in directing from the office the administration of the Daily Telegraph. In June, 1923, he retired from the Managing-Editorship, after sixty years' service. Sir John Le Sage, who was knighted in 1918, married, in 1874, the daughter of Mr. John Burton Martin. Lady Le Sage and his younger son Stanley survived him.

2. George Herbert Mair, aged 39, journalist, was the son of Fleet-Surgeon G. Mair, R.N., and was educated at Aberdeen University, Christ Church, Oxford, and the Sorbonne. In 1909 he was engaged as a leader-writer by the editor of the Manchester Guardian, and he became the political correspondent of this paper in London. He next became assistant editor of the Daily Chronicle. He resigned this position after the outbreak of war when, being unfit for active service, he worked for the Home Office and the Foreign Office in a confidential capacity. He became head of the Department of Information, and subsequently Assistant Secretary of the Ministry of Information. After the Armistice he went to Paris under Lord Riddell as Director of the Press Section of the British Peace Delegation. Later he went to Geneva as Assistant Director of the League of Nations Secretariat, and returned to London as head of the League of Nations Office. Mr. Mair married, in 1911, Miss Maire O'Neill, the Irish actress, who, with a son and a daughter, survived him.

Professor John Gray McKendrick, F.R.S., was the last of the distinguished band of medical men who found physiology a branch of the Institutes of Medicine and left it a science. Born in 1841, the son of a merchant of Aberdeen, at the age of 16 he was lecturing on "The Brain." He graduated M.D., C.M. with distinction at Aberdeen University in 1864. In 1870 he became assistant to the Professor of Physiology in Edinburgh University, and in 1872 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. At this time