that no foldier fhould be quartered in the city or fuburbs; that the light troops thould not be permitted to enter the place; and that both the royal palaces and private houfes fhould be entirely fafe, and not be expofed to pillage: nevertheless, several Auftrian regiments took up their quarters in the town, as hath juft been mentioned. They even lived at difcretion: and, not content with eating and drinking at the expence of their landlords, they compelled them to give them money, goods, and whatever they aiked. There are but few inhabitants of Berlin, whom thefe guefts did not coft hundreds or thoufands of crowns. The town was, in a manner, over-run with coffacks, huffars, and other light troops, who robbed both in the ftreets and in the houses, and wherever they came. Nor were the regular troops wholly free from this reproach: the Auftrians, in particular, diftinguished themfelves in thefe exploits. On a careful enquiry, it hath been found, that 282 private houfes were broke and plundered, and the inhabitants compelled, by the most barbarous acts of violence, to part with money, watches, and whatever the foldiers had a mind to. A very great number of perfons were beat, cut with fwords, and abufed in fuch a cruel manner, that many are fill in danger of their lives from the wounds they received. A woman named Schack was found dead on the quay of Collen with her body disfigured by wounds. People fcarce dared to appear in the ftreets for fear of being robbed; and molt of thofe, whole bufinefs obliged them to be abroad in the evening, or at night, were stripped of every thing. The king's tables, which by the capitulation were not to be touched, were a principal object of the enemy's ravage, though the Ruilian commander had placedthere a fafeguard of twenty-four men. All his majefty's coaches, which could not, furely, be reckoned implements of war, were broke to pieces, after being tripped of the velvet, embroidery, and lace; and the apartments of M. Schwerin, one of the king's equerries, which are over the ftables, were plundered. The hofpital for invalids, aud the hofpital called la Charité, thofe retreats of the unhappy, the infirm, and,the indigent, which one would imagine, the moft cruel enemy would have respected, were not fpared, but pillaged, and expofed to other exceties of different kinds. In the church of Jerufalem the Auftrians robbed the veftry and the poor's box, and opened fome graves to ftrip the dead. It must be acknowledged, that general Tottleben, and brigadier Bachman, who was appointed vice-governor, endeavoured to maintain order and difcipline in the city, and that they even put a stop to fome excelles committed by the troops: but most of the diforders were fulered to pafs unpunished; and by the exceffes committed in breach of the capitulation, the city fuitains a loss of fome hundred thoufand crowns, over and above the enormous contribution exacted from it. Nevertheles, what happened at Berlin, was nothing compared to what was done in the small towns and the flat country, the whole, from the gates of Berlin to the diftance of feveral miles, being laid totally defolate. In particular the Auftrian, Ruffian, and Saxon troops joined to leave the most deteftable marks of their rage and inhumanity rage of the enemy, and made victims of their brutality. at the caftle of Charlottenbourg. Efterhafi's Auftrian huffars, and the Saxon uhlans, diftinguished themfelves in this exploit, and their officers looked on unconcerned. Whole fquadrons entered the cattle on the 9th of October, and plun'dered it for four days fucceffively, without receiving the leaft check from either general or officer. All the tapestry was torn down; looking-glaffes, pictures, tables, chairs, china, in fhort, all that was of any value, was broke or fpoilt, except a large quantity of effects which fome greedy officers took for themfelves, and fent away in covered waggons. Even the king's chapel, that facred, place, which the moft favage nations would have respected, was ravaged, and profaned by their naftiness, and the organs broke. In the apartments of the caftle, the pictures of the royal family were fpoilt and disfigured, and feveral ftatues of the celebrated cabinet of cardinal Polignac, valuable monuments of antiquity, were mutilated or damaged. In fhort, fuch havock was made at this country feat, that scarce any thing more than the walls can properly be faid to be left. Nevertheless, the plunder got here did not fatisfy the enemy's greedinefs, nor fecure the inhabitants of the town from being plundered, though they had ranfomed themselves by the payment of 15,000 crowns in ready money. Every thing was taken from them; and what could not be carried away was broke or deftroyed. Several inhabitants were horfewhipped and cut with fabres; of which two died. Even the women, without diftinction of age, were expofed to the Schoenhaufen, the queen's country houfe, fhared much the same fate. A Ruffian fubaltern arrived there on the 8th of October, with eight huffars, and demanded, with grievous threats, her majefty's plate. In vain he was told, that it had been carried, long before, to a place of fafety: they fearched the castle,. and, not finding what they wanted, pulled down, and tore the tapestry and the curtains, and, taking what they liked, went to the houfe of the keeper of the caftle, ftripped him and his wife, beat him with rods and whips, and even pinched them with red hot pincers in fuch a cruel manner, that both are still dangerously ill. The generals Czernichef and Tottleben, being informed of these cruelties, promifed, indeed, to put a stop to them; but, inftead thereof, the caftle was totally defolated between the 9th and the 12th. All the tapeftry and curtains left after the former vifit were torn, and the chairs, pictures, and china broke to pieces. In fhort, Schoenhaufen was made a defart; nor did the offices belonging to it, or the village of Pankow, which adjoins it, fare better. A fervant belonging to the caftle was laid on the fire in his own apartment, and the minifter's footman hacked to death with fabres. The women were difhonoured in the moft barbarous manner: All the cattle were driven away, and every houfe and barn emptied. The palace of the Margrave Charles at Friedrichfelde received the fame treatment from the Ruflians; and moft of the provincial towns met with no more favour. Frank Frankfort, in particular, was most grievously harraffed many ways, though the enemy's generals had given the magiftrates aflurances in writing, that they had no farther exactions to fear. Lieutenant col. Rofchewiky lighted a large fire in the great fquare, with which he threatened to fet the city in flames. A burgomaster was whipped in a cruel manner, and all the magiftrates threatened with the fame treatment. By thefe violent meafures they extorted great quantities of cloth, linen, and forage, and a contribution of 50,000 crowns, befides what was given under the title of extraordinaries, which, however, did not prevent many acts of cruelty and robbery from being committed in that town, where the damage amounts to above 200,000 cowns. The fate of Copenick, Furftenwald, Befkow, Alt Lanfberg, Straufberg, Orangeberg, Lubenwalde, and, in general, of all the towns in the Marche, where the enemy came, was equally hard. They were forced to pay contributions, and to furnish things, much above their abilities, and, after all, were ex pofed to pillage and fhocking acts of cruelty. But nothing can come up to the dreadful fight which the flat country prefents, from Berlin to the frontiers of Poland, Silefia, and Saxony, wherever the enemy have been. The villages are entirely plundered, and the country people left deftitute both of corn and cattle. Their beds, their furniture, and, in fhort, all they had, is carried off. The corn which the enemy could not use, or carry off, they scattered about, and threw into the dirt. All the cattle, cows as well as horfes, oxen and fheep, were taken; above 100,000 head paffed through Frankfort. Som villages were fet on fire, particularly Schoneberg and Groffen-Beer. In fhort, wherever they came, they beat and abused the inhabitants in the moft cruel manner, and barbaroufly difhonoured the women, without diftinction of age or condition, in prefence of their parents and hufbands. In fine, to fill up the measure of their deeds of inhumanity and horror, they laid afide all regard to the fepulchres of the dead, which have always been held in a kind of veneration by the most bar-` barous nations. The troops under general Lafcy, in their return through Wilmersdorff, an estate belonging to the Schwerin family, broke open the burying vault, opened the coffin of the mafter of the horfe to the king, who had been dead twelve years, and thofe of his lady and children, ftript the bodies, and threw them on the ground.Thefe barbarities, of which the hiftory of the leaft civilized nations furnithes few examples, will be handed down to the moft diftant pofterity, and perpetuate the fhame of Pruffia's enemies. What is faid above, is only a brief fummary, and as it were the outlines of the scene of devastation which the king's enemies made in the Marche in their laft invafion. A detail of particulars would fill volumes. But no fact has been mentioned, but what any one may be convinced of by the teftimony of their own fenfes. We have not taken the liberty to make ill-grounded and exaggerated complaints, fuch as are thofe of a court, which employs venal pens to excite false compaffion, by magnifying the evils it hath brought on itself through : its own fault. It is well known how it filled Europe with its clamours, when its capital, defended. by its allies as if it had been a regular fortrels, fuftained, more through their fault, than that of the befiegers, the natural confequence of a fiege; while it appears quite infenfible at the fate of the city of Wittenberg, which thofe very allies reduced to athes without any neceffity, and almost without having fired against the ramparts. It for gets probably, or wants to make the public forget, that its allies made no feruple to bombard likewife without neceflity, and for the moft part without fuccefs, Zittau, Schweidnitz, Cuftrin, Colberg, Breflau, Berlin, and Cofel and that in this manner they reduced a part of thofe towns to aihes, and greatly damaged the refi. That court would at prefent have great reafon to make the moft ferious reflections on the obligation it lies under to its troops and thofe of its allies, for the conduct they have held, if the king were difpofed to follow bad examples, and to retaliate on the fubjects of Saxony the calamities which his fubjects have been fo unjustly made to fuffer. But his majefty's manner of thinking will always prevent his recurring to fuch rigorous methods, till he be forced to it by indifpenfable necesfity. He detefis this illicit manner of making war the more, as it contributes fo little to the end for which war is waged. This truth appears evident from the laft expedition of the enemy into the Marche. They found it very eafy to flip, as it were, into Brandenburgh, with an army of 80,000 men, and to make themfelves mafters of an open city, defended by a handful of men. But as foon as his majefty, informed of this invafion, flew to the affittance of his oppreffed fubjects, and approached the frontier only, all thofe troops of the enemy fled precipitately, and retired, fome to Poland, and fome to Saxony. It is not denied that they did hurt; but the damage is not irreparable, and can have no influence on the future operations of the war. The diverfion which the enemy propofed to make by it, far from favouring their affairs in Saxony, and Silefia, bath given the king an opportunity to re-conquer the former, and, to deliver the latter. Thus Haddick's enterprize againft Berlin was followed, in 1757, by the glorious victory of Roibach and Liffa. The late expedition of the Ruffians and Auftrians againit Berlin hath served, notwithstanding all that hath been published, to ruin, without any reaion, and without any end, fome thoufands of innocent fubjects. But it hath displayed the enemies of Pruflia, in their true colours, to all Europe, and laid open the falfity, the injuftice, and the cruelty of the principles on which they act. in this war. It should feem that the court of Vienna wanted to realize, on this occafion, the fhocking expreffion of one of its generals, That they mutt leave the fubjects of Brandenburgh only free air and the bare ground.' Unable hitherto to crush the king, the magnanimous defender of the German liberties, it again hath recourfe to thote methods which the Ferdinands [of Auftria] employed in the laft century, to reduce the whole empire under their defpotic yoke. By its conduct in our days, it renews the fad remembrance of that long and bloody war which Germany then groaned un der, der, for the space of thirty years. Let all Europe confider at prefent what it hath to expect from fuch an enemy. Let it judge whether the honte of Auftria, in cafe it could ac, complish the depreffion of that of Brandenburgh, would not extend its ambitious views farther; and, to gain its end, feek to involve other fates in the calamities in which it wants to plunge thofe of his majefty. But Providence, which hath already fo often defeated the projects of this houfe, and which hath recently humbled its pride by the defeat at Torgau, will fill fet fresh bounds to its ambition in the fequel of this war. We must hope that by its afliftance, the king will continue to defend himself fuccefsfully against the league formed againft him by the infinuations and intrigues of the court of Vienna; and that all the efforts of his enemies will not prevent the moft diftant pofterity from acknowledging him to have been the defender of the proteftant religion and the liberties of Germany. The following is an Answer to the foregoing relation of the ravages committed by the Auftrians, Ruffians, and axons in Brandenburgh, publybed at Drefden, and reprinted in the Bruffels Gazette. T ance to complain of a contribution HE inhabitants of Berlin have been more frightened than hurt. As they had, by their acclamations and applaufes, been accomplices in the exceffes commited by their mafter in Saxony, they expected reprifals: but the generals of the two empreffes diftinguithed themselves as much at Berlin, by tir generofity and compattion, as thofe of Prutia in Saxony, by their obduratenefs and barbarity. Yet the Pruffian Gazette hath the affur |