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CHAP. V.

Examination of certain Members of the late Committee of Safety. These declared acceffory to the Tyrannies of Robefpicere.-An immenfe Crowd, entering the Hall of the Convention, demand Impunity for the accused Members-This Tumult fuppreffed.-The Members of the tyrannical Committee banished to Guiana.-A Number of turbulent Terrorifis fent to Prifon.-A Commiffion of Eleven Members appointed by the Convention for drawing up a New Conflitution.-Finances of France.-Judges and Jurors of the Revolutionary Tribunal condemned.And executed.-The Lenity of the Convention expofes them to the Ill-Will of the Terrorists.— Difcontents.-And Commotions.-A Crowd, breaking into the Hall of the Convention, demands Bread.-Firmness of the Prefident of the Convention. -Outrages and Atrocities of the Mob.-The Convention delivered from Infurgents by the Military force of Paris.-The Contest between the Convention and the Rioters renewed.-The Convention deem it prudent to temporize, and offer Terms of Accommodation.—The Rioters invited to the Honours of the Sitting-And receive the Fraternal Kifs.-Refift the Execution of the Law.-Forced to lay down their Arms, and furrender at Difcretion. The Terrorists and their Adherents completely overthrown.Infurgents at Toulon.-Defeated, by the Troops of the Line, with great Slaughter.-The Death of the Son of Lewis XVI.-Deliverance of the young Princess of France from Prifon.-The Convention, by feveral harsh Decrees, obviate any Sufpicions that might arife of their Attachment to Loyalty-New Conftitution, confifling of two Councils, and an Executive Directory.-Reflections thereon.

CHAP. VI.

82

Regulations refpecting the Election of Deputies to the New National Affembly.Confidered by many as Infringements on the Privileges of the People. Contentions on this Subject, between the Convention on the one Part, and the Citizens of Paris, and other Cities on the other.- Ambitious Views of the Leaders of the Convention.—A gloom caft on the Expectations that had been formed from the New Conflitution.—Allegations in Favour of the Convention.-Action between the Parifians and the Regular Troops, who took Part with the Convention.-Complete Defeat of the Parifians.—Artifices of the Convention in order to glofs this Infurrection.-Refentment against the Parifians feverely exercifed by the Convention. Now releafed from all Refraint.-Difappointment and Sufpicions of neighbouring Nations, concerning the New Confiitution, and Regulation of Elections in' France. Plans of the Convention, for firengthening and perpetuating its Authority.-A Commiffion of Five appointed to confult on Meafures for Saving the Country.—A Vote for the Annulment of the Commission of Five confirming the Conftitution agreed on, and the Diffolution of the Af fembly. The Moderates prevail.-Reflections on the Temper and Conduct of the Convention

100

CHAP.

CHAP. VII.

Meeting of the New Legislature.-Strength of the predominant Party.—Now and great Object of Ambition among the Leaders.-Characters of the Members of the newly-established Directory.-Pomp and Parade of the Directory.-Policy of keeping up a Tafte for external Splendour and Diftine. tion.-Thefe hateful to the rigid Republicans.-The Teri orifts, called now the Society of the Pantheon, refume their primary Defigns.-The Directory alarmed, yet judge it expedient to court the Favour of the Terrorifts.-Regulations of the Directory, and Contests refpecting the public Songs of Paris, -The Spirit and Temper of the Parifians indicated by these Contefis; a feafonable Admonition to the Directory.—Decline of Terrorifm.—The Terrorifts, or Society of the Pantheon fuppreffed, and the House itself fhut up.The Terrorists continue to affemble, and give sent to their Rage, in fmall Parties. A new Oppofition to the Directory, more formidable than the Society of the Pantheon had been. -Reduction of the Galleries in the Hall of the Convention, to a Space not containing more than three Hundred Spectators.-Utility of dividing the Legislature into two independant Bodies.— Remarkable Artifice of the Junior Council for commanding the Appointment of all the Members of the Directory.—Eftablishment of an Inftitution in France for the Advancement of Arts and Sciences.—And of Central Schools for Languages, Literature, and Philofophy, in all the Departments.— Perfect Enjoyment of Religious Toleration.-Bigotry and Prefumption of the Roman Catholics.-Checked with Moderation by the Directory.-Trea ties of Peace between the French Republic, and other Governments.-Public Mention of them by different States

CHAP. VIII.

115

Incorporation of the Auftrian Netherlands with the French Republic.—A% Object of Alarm to the Neighbouring Nations.-Debility of the French Marine.-Naval Exertions of France confined to Depredations on the British Trade.-Revolt under the Aufpices and Conduct of Victor Hughes, of the French Wefl-India Islands, that had been reduced by the English. -Superior Skill, Bravery, and Success, of the British Officers and Seamen.-The Dutch Colony at the Cape of Good Hope taken by the English, -Success of the French in Piratical Warfare.-Bold and mafterly Retreat of Admiral Cornwallis.-Profperous State of French Affairs on the Conti nent.-Interference of the French in the Government of the small State of Geneva.-This new-modelled after the Fashion of the French Republic.— Infurrections.-Violence.-A Revolutionary Tribunal.-Intrigues of the French, for bringing the City of Geneva under Subjection to the French Republic. The Influence of the New Principles of the French extends across the Atlantic—and excites dangerous Commotions in America.-The Authority of Government maintained in the United States of America, by the Moderation, Prudence, and Vigour, of General Washington.-Infurrection of Emigrants from Ireland, and the Highlands of Scotland, in the Wefern Parts of Penfylvania.-Quelled by the Approach of a greas

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CHAP. XIII.

Affairs of Ireland.-Population.-Ecclefiaflical Divifions of the People-
Difcontents at Tythes.-Refiftance made to their Collection.— Petition of
the principal Roman Catholics, for the Redress of fundry Grievances, to
the King. An Anfæer returned, containing a Number of Conceffions.—
Secret Connections between many of the Irish and the French Revolutionists,
a Subject of Alarm in England.-The Earl Fitzwilliam appointed to the
Government of Ireland.—Meeting of the Irish Parliament.-—Ample Sup-
plies granted. The Catholic party prepare to prefs and enforce their De-
mands.-Lord Fitzwilliam endeavours to conciliate their Favour.-Motion
by Mr. Grattan, for Leave to bring in a Bill for the Relief of the Roman
Catholics.-Carried.—Joy and Exultation of the Catholics.-Damped, by
Intelligence that the British Minifiry are averfe to the Measure.-Lord
Fitzwilliam difmiffed.—Succeeded by Lord Camden.An Addrefs voted to
Lord Fitzwilliam, by Parliament, highly approving his Conduct.—Various
Addreffes to his Lordship from different Parties of the difaffected.-Ex-
treme verfatility of the Irish Parliament. The Motions carried but a fee
Days before, almost unanimously negatived now by great Majorities.-The
unfeadiness and tergiverfation of the Irish Parliament-men.-Sow the
Seeds of Mifruft and Jealousy in their Confituents.—Altercations in the
British Houfe of Peers, refpecting the Inftructions given to Lord Fitzeil-
liam, previously to his affuming the Government of Ireland.-Motion by
the Duke of Norfolk, for a Parliamentary Inquiry into the Conduct of
Minifiry in this Matter, and the Grounds for their Difmiffal of the Earl
Fitzwilliam from the Office of Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland.-Rejected.
-Debates in the House of Commons on a fimilar Motion. And which

met with a fimilar Fate.-Speech from the Throne, And Prorogation of

Parliament

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