pedition against this place, xx. [156]

the difficulties experienced by general Burgoyne at the beginning of this expedition, which increafed as it farther advanced, till at length they be came infurmountable, [157, 158]the unfuccefsful attempt to furprife the magazines at Bennington under the conduct of colonel Baum, affifted by colonel Breyman, [158. 160]-colonel St. Leger lays fiege to fort Stanwix, but is afterwards obliged to raise it with precipitation and lofs, [160. [163]the ill confequences which followed the expedition against Bennington and Fort Stanwix to the royal army, and the manner in which the rebels exulted on thefe occafions, parti cularly when general Gates appeared to take the command of the rebel forces, [163*, 164*]—the fevere and heavy action fought on the 19th of September 1777, particularly defcribed, [155*, 166*] the great defertion which prevailed among the Canadians and British Provincials, in the royal army, in confequence of this unfuccessful action, [166*, 167*]-the feveral difficulties which increased upon the royal army, and the great military abilities exerted by general Burgoyne under them, till at length the army was compelled to open a treaty, and to enter into a convention with general Gates, on the 17th of October 1777, [167*. 174*] the number of thofe who laid down their arms at this unfortunate convention, [174]-Parliamentary proceedings relative to this expedition, xxi. [106. 116. 145. 149. 168, 169*. 195*. 198*. 210*]-the hard condi tion of the brave army under the convention of Saratoga; and the fufpenfion of this treaty by the congrefs, until a ratification was obtained from the court of Great Britain, [212*. 214*]

Sardinia; the happy ftate of this coun

try, and the wife policy of the reigning king in 1763, by whofe means a fubject of difpute (which might have embroiled all Italy) was happily fettled, vi, [48]-The ambiguity obferved in the conduct of the king of this country in 1774, and the uneasiness which it gave to feveral of his neighbours, particularly to the court of Venice, the republic of Genoa, the city of Geneva, and the immediately bordering cantons of Switzerland, which were all apprehenfive of fome bfolete or dormant claims being re

vived upon their refpective territories, xvii. [40]-the attention given by his majefty to the improvement of com merce, and the privileges intended to be granted to fuch English and Dutch merchants as were willing to fettle at Nice, [151]the manner in which the difpute with the British court on account of Mr. Macnamara's daughter was fettled, [155]-Power of the court of inquifition greatly abridged in 1776, xix. [191]]

Sarlatta, in Cephalonia; a contagious distemper in 1760, iv. [60]

Saxony; ftate of the war in, i. 7. 9. 61ii. 28.45-iii. [9. 17. 30.47, 48]v. [15.52, 53]-refpectable arrangements and improvements in the mili tary in 1768, xi. [35, 36] Schartsfelt's caftle; attacked and taken by the French, who lay the whole tract of country adjacent to it under a fe vere contribution, iv. [29] Schweidnitz (the key of the duchy of Silefia); befieged and taken by the Auf trians, after having carried on the fiege under infinite difficulties, and with great lofs, i. 20. 23-retaken by the Pruffians, after the garrifon were reduced by fickness, and by various loffes, 40, 41-Blockaded by Laudohn, who afterwards raises the blockade, and is defeated near Lignitz by his Pruffian majefty with very great lofs, iii. [26. 29]-befieged by M. Daun, who is obliged to raise the fiege, [30]-taken by a coup de main, on the 1st of October 1761, by general Laudohn, where the garrifon, confifting of about three thoufand men, and lieutenant general Zaftrow, governor of the fortrefs, were made prifoners, with a great number of cannon, and a large magazine of meal, and the critical fituation of his Pruffian majesty's affairs after this calamitous event, iv. [34. 37]-The wife measures taken by the king of Pruffia at the time he befieged this place in July 1762, v. [23, 24]-the fiege and furrender of it to his Pruffian majefty, October 9th, 1762, [52] Schwitz, a canton of Switzerland; the umbrage it gave to the court of Madrid, and the proceedings of that court thereupon, in 1765, viii. [68] Scotland; forfeited eftates re-purchased by the heirs of the attainted families, vii. [58]-proceedings againft recruit. ing officers in the Dutch fervice in 1764, [70] Remarkable letter of his majefty to the general affembly of the

church

church of, viii. [89, 90]—act of par-
liament touching the iffuing of notes
in, [90, 91]-regulations touching
the admiffion of fellows in the royal
college of phyficians, [94]- Moft
dreadful fire in 1766, ix. [153, 154]
-Remarkable forgeries on the Thittle
Bank at Glasgow, xiii. [112]-par-
liamentary grants to, [237, 238]-
Remarkable migration to America,
xiv. [80]-riots on account of the
high price of corn, [93]-importa-
tion of corn encouraged, [133]-nar-
rative of proceedings on the election
of a parliamentary peer, in the room
of the late duke of Argyle, [200.
205]-Parliamentary grants for im-
provements in, xv. [212]—xvii. [251]
Riots and migration cccafioned by a
dearth of provifions, xvi. [65. 67. 121.
127]-xvii. [119, 120. 137, 138]
Parliamentary refolution with refpect
to the bank of Air, xvii. [105. 119]
-great fcarcity of money, and de-
creafe of the value of landed property,
[150]-names of the noblemen elect-
ed to reprefent the peerage in the Bri-
tifh parliament in 1774, [162, 163]
-Remarkable decifion relating to fum-
mary warrants for debts contracted in
England, xviii. [189, 190]-parlia-
mentary grant in 1775, [245]-De-
bates about the establishment of a mi-
litia, which was over-ruled, xix. [140*.
1421-proofs of the flourishing state
of, in 1776, [164]-grant from the
British parliament in 1776, [250]—
Remarks on the grants of English ba-
ronies to the robility of this country,
xx. [25, 26]-Several regiments raifed
for the fervice of Great Britain, xxi.
[85, 86]-very remarkable verdict in
favour of negroes in, [163, 164]—
tax laid on fervants, [176]-riotous
proceedings of Paul Jones on the
eastern coast of, [177]-and of others
on the eastern coaft, [185]-impor-
tant decifion relating to the bank of
Douglas, Heron, and Co. [195]—
important verdict explaining the law
regarding the bufincfs of recruiting,
[196]-alarmed at, the bill for the
relief of Roman Catholics, and
proceedings thereon, [206. 209]
xxii. [194, 195. 197. 198]-Parlia-
mentary aids in 1778, xxi. [278]-
Valuable prefent of a cabinet of Ruf
fian medals to the univerfity of Edin-
burgh, xxii. [215]-remarkable mu-
tiny of the military, [230, 231]
Difcontents in this country under an

8

apprehenfion of a relaxation of the
laws againft popery, and the outrages
in Edinburgh and Glafgow in confé-
quence of thefe apprehensions in 1779,
xxiii. [25. 33]-See alfo NATURAL
HISTORY.

Senegal; furrendered to the English, and
defcribed, i. 7.-The firft fpecimens of
the advantage arifing from this con-
quest, ii. 75-iii. [154]-The fum
which arofe from the fale of effects
taken at this place, and divided among
the feamen who were engaged in the
conqueft of this place in 1758, iv.
[118]-Secured with all its forts to
the English at the general peace, v.
[61. 238]-Vested in the African
company, vii. [64]-Sends a rein-
forcement to relieve James Fort, xi.
[149, 150]

Senegal; parliamentary grants to, ii.
171—V. [152. 164]—vi. [177, 178]
-vii. [162]

Serra Molinos, in Spain; an account of
the treaty between Spain, Ruffia, and
Germany, for fettling a new colony
in this place, and the privileges grant-
ed to the new colonists, x. [101]
Siberia; exports of gold and filver from,
to Petersburgh, in 1764, vii. [71]
Silefia; the mutual claims made upon the
duchy of, by the houfes of Auftria
and Brandenburgh, and the rife which
they gave to the last war in Germany
commenced in 1756, i. 6. 8-Reftor-
ed to his Pruffian majefty at the
treaty of peace between the empress
queen and the king of Pruffia, at the
treaty of Hubertsburgh in 1762, V.
[247.249]-A very dreadful fire which
deftroyed almoft the whole town of
Fendenthal in this country in Decem-
ber 1764, vii. [116]—The particular
indulgencies granted by his Pruffian
majefty in confideration of the loffes
and debts incurred by this duchy in
the laft war, viii. [139]-And the li
beral donation of his majefty on the
fame account, xi. [36, 37. 76.]
Silefia; ftate of the war in, i. 20. 25-
ii. 25. [15, 16. 18. 26]—iv. [32.
35]-v. [16. 24. 52]
Sillery; action of, iti. [7, 8]
Slaves; the number of negro flaves bar-
tered for by England in 1768, xii.
[114]

Slavery; the ftate of, in Ruffia, xiii.
2, 3a Ruffian and a Polish flave
compared, xiii. 11. 12.
Smyrna, account of a plague in 1758,

111-A most dreadful fire in 1763,

vi. [109]-Another in 1772, xv.
[131, 132]-Dreadful defolation in
confequence of feveral earthquakes,
and fire in July 1778, xxi. [193,
194]

Sonneftein; furrenders to the Austrians,
i. 54.

Sound; 8,084 veffels paffed the Sound in
1774, xvii. [177]

-

Spain; ftate of the military force in
1760, iii. [76]-aufpicious begin-
ning of the reign of Charles III. [89.
125]-proceedings againt Algiers,
[129,130] - Machinations of the
French concerning the affairs of, iv. [5,
6. 22, 23]-conduct of, during the ne-
gociation for peace between England
and France, [40. 42. 49, 50]—treaty
of alliance with France against En-
gland, [51]-fate of the merchant
fervice for 1760, [59]-german mi-
litary difcipline introduced, [67]-
order forbidding livery fervants to
wear fwords, [121]-improvements in
the capital of, [132, 133]-hottile
difpofitions towards England, and state
of the navy in 1761, [189, 190]—
-State of, at the commencement of
the war with England in 1762, v. [6]
arrogance and injuftice of the rupture
with Portugal, [8. 10]-nature and
ftate of the campaign in Portugal,
[28. 32]-change of politics in con-
fequence of the lofs of the Havannah
and the thip Hermione, [43, 44]—sti-
pulates to defit from the right of
fifhing on the coaft of Newfoundland,
[58]-number of fhips arrived at Ca-
diz in 1761, [65]-terms of the
peace concluded with his Britannic
and most faithful majefties in 1763,
[239.243]-Agriculture encouraged,
vi. [74]-Civil commotions in Ma-
drid, and various parts of the king-
dom, ix. [14.17. 99]—xii. [211.215]
-Remarkable expulfion of the Je-
fuits, and fequeftration of their ef-
fects, and the caufes affigned for thefe
proceedings, x. [27. 32. 80, 81]—xi.
48]-Literature cultivated, x. [53]
-treaty with Ruffia and fome Ger-
man princes for cultivating Sera Mo-
linos, [101]-Ecclefiaftical reforma-
tions in 1768, xi. [48. 50*]-mine-
ralogy and manufactures encouraged,
[50]-Hoftile appearances and pre-
parations in 1770, xiii. [9, 10]-acts
of hoftility against the English in the
Falkland's Inlands, [116. 147]-xiv.
[1. 12]-an annual lift of all foreign-
ers ordered to be taken, [159]-Re-

markable prohibition of the wear of
cotton, velvets and stuffs, xv. [66]—
Hoftile fentiments against England,
xvi. [52, 53]-War declared against
Morocco, xvii. [36. 38]-inquifition
deprived of its dangerous powers,
[39]-preparations against Algiers,
and profecution of the war with Mo-
rocco in 1775, xviii. [142*. 146*]—
terms of peace with Morocco agreed to
by this country, [125. 145, 146]—
Caufe and termination of a difpute
with Portugal, xix. [185*, 186*]—
Literature and commerce greatly en-
couraged, [186*. 188*. 131, 132]-
inoculation adopted, [191] Protec-
tion given to American privateers in
Europe and the Weft Indies, xx. [27]
nature of the treaty of peace with
Portugal, [182. 184*]-the custom-
houfe at Barcelona deftroyed by fire,
[171]-Some particulars of the treaty
of peace with Portugal, xxi. [169]-
dreadful fire at Saragofa, [216]-na-
val preparations by this country, and
the avowal of her hoftile intentions,
contained in the refcript delivered to
the court of London on the 16th of
June 1779, which was foon followed
by undertaking the fiege of Gibraltar,
xxiii. [10]-the royal chedulas which
were iffued foon after the delivery of
the refcript at London, containing the
oftenfible reafons of this court for
entering on the war with England,
fome obfervations on thefe reafons,
and the real motives for uniting her
forces with France against Great Bri
tain, [18. 21]-the lofs which this
country fuftained by the capture of a
valuable convoy bound from St. Se
baftian to Cadiz, on January the 8th,
1780, which was foon followed by
the lofs of feveral fhips of the line,
which were taken or destroyed, and
the Spanish admiral Don Juan de
Langara was taken prifoner, [202*,
203]

Stangerode; the defeat of the allies at
this place with great lofs, which was
followed by their retreat out of Heffe,
and leaving it in poffeffion of the
French, iv. [12]

Strafburg; wife regulation of the police
in respect of vagrants, xi. [59]
Strehla; action between the Imperialists
and general Hulfen, in which the for-
mer were defeated, iii. [30]
Sullivan's Ifland; ftate of the war between
the British and provincial troops, xix.
[160*. 163. 156]

Sumatra

Sumatra; the coaft of, ravaged by the

count d'Eftaign in October 1759, and
April 1760, with fome account of this
bold adventurer, iv. [58]-Reftored to
the English by the eleventh article of
the treaty of peace in 1763, v. [238]
-and vi. [66]

Surat (a great and opulent city on the
western coast of the great peninfula);
taken by the English in 1758 with very
little lofs, with the particulars of the
military operations against it, in a let-
ter froin captain Richard Maitland,
ji. 54, 116. 132, 133.
Surinam; a wife method taken by the
governor of it to fupprefs a rebellion
among the negroes, iv. [76]-an ac-
count of the memorial delivered by
Sir Jofeph Yorke to their high mighti-
neffes in favour of the claimants of
a long litigated eftate at this ifland,
where the moft flagrant injuftice was
done to a British subject, and juftice
demanded evasively protracted, xii.
[125]-The most alarming insurrec-
tion of the negroes in 1772, which for
feveral months involved the inhabi-
tants in the greatest terror and dif-
trefs, and endangered the poffeffion
of their extenfive and valuable fettle-
ments in that colony, and the measures
taken by the ftates in Holland to quell
and fupprefs this infurrection, xv. [9.
146]
Sweden; becomes a confederate against

the king of Pruffia, and the reafon, i.
15-Royal encouragement given_to
culture and population in, iv. [61]-
inoculation encouraged, [71, 72]—
violent distemper among the cattle in
1761, [122]-Nature of the peace
concluded with Pruffia, v. [14]-Wife
attention to domestic improvement,
vi. [2, 3]—Proceedings relative to the
propofal of the French to pay the ar-
rears of fubfidies due in the German
war, viii. [63]-peasants restricted
from poffeffions of land, [75]-gene-
ral amnefty in favour of the exiles of,
in 1756, [132]-State of, in 1776, ix.
[9, 10]-Luxury difcouraged, and the
liberty of the prefs encouraged, in
1767, x. [7. 9.77]-annual produce
of the mines in, [103]- ftate of
exchange fixed for 1768, [142]-Its
diftracted state in 1768, and the causes
explained, xi. [41. 45]-edict against
vagrants, and making provifion for
the honest poor, [69]-inoculation
encouraged, [183]-Difputes between
the king and the fenate, and degra-

dation of fome of the fenate at Notki-
oping, xii. [8, 9. 85]-renews a
treaty of fubfidy with France, [10]-
Sumptuary laws relaxed, xiii. [45,
46]-State of parties at the acceffion
of the king in 1771, xiv. [86*. 88*.
88, 89. 116, 117]-Extraordinary re-
volution and change of government,
matters preparatory to it, and a view
of the ancient and modern state of
the government, xv. [7. 46. 68*]—
re wards conferred on those who dif-
tinguished themselves in the revolu-
tion, [69, 70*]-coronation of Guf-
tavus III. [101. 183. 185]-fire on
Mount Horrilakers, [119]-parti-
culars of the meeting of the Swedish
diet which was affembled to confent
to the refignation of queen Christina,
147. 150-Wife measures taken to re-
move the calamities in the provinces
by dearth and commercial failures,
xvi. [49, 50. 69. 84]-Pacific ftate
of, and harmony with Ruffia in
1774, xvii. [25, 26]-edict to prevent
emigration, [128]-a whale fishery
company established in 1774, [131]
-A new regulation with refpect to
the manufactures of faltpetre, xviii.
[181]-A whole town, Nericia, de-
Atroyed by fire, xix. [149]-Great
rejoicings on the queen's delivery of a
prince, xx. [212]-Account of the
grand bafon at Carlfcroon, xxii. [237]
-For earthquakes, great fickness by
drought, &c. &c. fee NATURAL
HISTORY.

Switzerland; edict of France against the

Canton of Schwitz in, viii. [68]
Syracufe; account of the fiege of, tranf-
lated from Polybius, xv. 164. 167.

T.

TANJOUR; befieged in 1758 by M. de

Lally, who is compelled to raife the
fiege, ii. 54-the unfuccefsful opera-
tions of the French defcribed, 79, 80.
96-The agreement which took place
between general Smith and the nabob
of Arcot, on the furrender of this city
to the English in 1773, xvii. [115]-
ftate of population and of religion in
this city at the time it was taken by
the English in 1773, [172]
Tartary, Crim; fee Crim Tartary.
Texel; the number of fhips which entered
it in 1772, XV. [155]
Thomas, St. (an ifland in America);
fubject to Denmark, declared a free
port