a perfect military establishment; and the reafons why his celebrated model of government, fo much admired by the ancients, has not been fo much admired or imitated by modern legiflators, iii. 1.the rigorous influence of their pofitive laws on the manners and common cuftoms of private life; with a particular inftance of this, exemplified in Agis (king of Lacedemon) at his return from a great victory over the Athenians, 1.-the pedantic rigour of their difcipline, and its effects in producing a harsh and fevere, not to lay a favage and cruel, character or dif pofition, proved in their behaviour to their flaves, fo well known among the ancients by the name of Helotes; with an account of the origin of this name, 2. 4—defcription of an abominable custom among them, called the "Ambufcade," 5-their cruel murder of Alcibiades, and the reason, 5. -their brutal conduct to the Athenians in the Peloponnefian war, and to the Syracufans when difputing their liberties with Dionyfius the tyrant, and ' after they had received a confiderable blow; authenticated by the testimonies of Xenophon and Herodotus, 5. 6.— Paufanias's account of the virulence with which their youth fought each other on certain ftated days of the year, 6-the pernicious influence of feveral of their cultoms on the morals of their women, 6. 9-3 fummary view of the general and prevailing character of this people, particularly after the victories gained by Lyfan der, 9. Lagos, Cape, defeat of the French fleet off this place by admiral Bofcawen, ii. 22, 23-The umbrage given to the court of Portugal by this engagement off their coaft, and the fatisfaction given upon this account, iii. [103,104] Landshut, previous motions made by the Auftrians and Pruffians before this battle, and the dearly bought victory obtained over the Pruffians, whofe general was mortally wounded, and their army was compelled to furrender, iii. [13, 14]-Abandoned by the Auftrians, [49] Langenfaltze, the fortunate decifion of the battle at, in favour of the allied army, February 14th, 1761, iv. [10, 11] Lan erg taken by the Ruffians, iv. 134-Dreadful fire, May 31, 1768, xi. [117] Lanwarenhagen, the allies defeated by the French, who were prevented by prince Ferdinand from reaping any very great advantage from this victory, i. 55, 56. Laplanders, the, an account of the hunting, economy, and trade of that people; as alfo the ftate of agriculture in the Swedish colonies fettled among them, ii. 328. 335-their religious opinions of God, and the creation of the world, 335-their knowledge of hiftory very confined, 335, 336-a defcription of their rein-deer (in which confits the greatest wealth of the Mountaineer Laplanders), and the particular diforder to which they are fubject, with the remedy for it; taken from the Philofophical Memoirs of monfieur Friewald, 336. 339-the game they are moit fond of, and the great esteem in which the art of cookery is held among them, 339-their industry, and the manner in which they barter for goods, 339. 341-fome critical account of their language, 341. Lapmarcken (a province of Sweden), the cultivation and population of it which took place in the year 1760, iv. [61] Leipfic, the fige of, by the Auftrians and Imperialists, who are compelled to raife it in 1758, i. 60. 62-Taken by the Imperialists in 1760, iii. [45]-retaken by the Pruffians, [48]-For bills of mortality in 1763, 1754, and 1765, fee NATURAL HISTORY. Lexington, the meatures which were taken previous to the battle at this place, which was the commencement of the civil war between England and her colonies, and the effect it produced in fome colonies which had not yet adopted the refolutions of Congress, xvii. [125*, 126*. 131*. 149. 190.] Lignitz, general Laudohn defeated by the king of Pruffia near, on Auguft the 15th, 1760, and the useful effects produced by it to the Pruffians, iii. [28, 29, 30] Lipstadt block a led by the French, ii. 16. Liffa, an account of the great and deci five action at, at the clofe of the campaign for 1757, in favour of his Pruffan majefty, i. 24, 25. Lithuania, the ftate and strange conduct of the feveral confederacies in that duchy, and the oppofition they met with from the Ruffians, xi. [24, 25] Long Island, ftate of the war in 1776, xix. [160*. 169*. 172*. 173, 174]— In 1777, XX. [118, 119] Loudon London Fort, cruelty of the Cherokees at the fiege of, iii. [62, 63] Louifiana to the Miffilippi ceded to the Lucia, St. furrenders to the English, v. M. MADAGASCAR, the first information received in England that the French Madras, befieged by M. Lally, who is advice of the great revolution in the Malacca, former and prefent ftate of [6, 7]—charater of the natives, [11] to it, 102, 103. Malta, a remarkable capture of a Tur- appointing fhips to be ftationed there for that purpose, vii. [92]-and viii. [88]-The number of inhabitants in this island, and the great encouragement given to the propagation of Christianity in it, viii. [6]-the fupreme authority of this ifland was vested in the crown of Great Britain by an act of parliament which passed May the 10th, 1765, [87]—the fovereignty of his Britannic majefty over this ifland was proclaimed in June 1765, by John Wood, efq; the new governor appointed by his majesty, who purchased this right of the Athol family for 70,ocol. [96, 97]-the fubftance of the proclamation on this occafion, and the clear revenue of this island, [97]—A bill paffed for regulating the manufactures, &c. of this inland in June 1767, x. [104]-A fummary of the proceedings of the firtt general convention of the eftates and legislature of this ifle, that was holden there under the aufpices of his present majesty since the regalities of Man and the ifles thereof were annexed to the crown of Great Britain, xiii. [126]— The flourishing ftate of the linen manufactory in the year 1771, which exceeded the ftate it was in, in the year 1769, by eight thoufand yards, xiv. [77]-the bill paffed by the British parliament for repairing, &c. the feveral fea-ports and harbours in this ifland in 1771, [104]-Parliamentary grants in 1771, [222]—In 1773, xvi. [226]-In 1774, xvii. [250]-The natural ftate of this ifland defcribed under NATURAL HISTORY. Manilas, the, or, Philippines, first difcovery, former and prefent ftate of the commerce, extent, climate, and inhabitants of, defcribed, vi. [2, 3]-projected invafion of them confidered in a political and commercial light; and the fuccefs which attended the military operations of the English against them and all their dependencies, [4. 13]advantages of this conqueft, [14, 15] vii. [100] Ranfom bills, drawn out by the archbishop, refused acceptance by the Spanish court, and the reafon, vii. [114. 138. 141] Marie Galante ifland, the taking of, by the English, in January 1759, ii. 12. 15. Marino, St. near Venice, an account of the fituation, origin, and manners of the republic of, xi. 205. 208 Marpurg, besieged and taken by the allies, ii. 20-Surrenders to the French, iii. [21]-taken by general Bulow, who is afterwards defeated by the French general Stainville, [34, 35] Martinico, its fituation and importance defcribed, with an account of the unfuccefsful expedition againft it in 1758, under general Hopion and commodore Moore, with the caufes of the failure, i. 97.1 .ii. 11, 12-The powerful armament, naval and military, under the command of general Monckton and admiral Rodney, fent against this place in 1762; their landing at Cas Navire, attack of the pofts near Fort Royal, the furrender of Fort Royal, and the capitulation of St. Pierre, and the whole ifland, on Feb. 12, 1762, and the great importance of this conqueft, v. [33. 36]-restored to France at the general peace in 1763, [58, 237]-Orders given to the governor of this place relating to the hips of an enemy approaching near to this ifland, or any other ifland fubject to the French, viii. [132]-The order from the French court in 1767, forbidding the entrance of any English fhips into the ports of this ifland, x. [165]-For an account of ftorms and hurricanes, and the natural hiftory of, fee NATURAL HISTORY. Maryland, turbulent proceedings, private and public, which took place immediately after the ftamp act was paffed and became in force, and the measures taken to elude it, or to compel a repeal of it, viii. [53. 56]-The number of men fuppofed capable of bearing arms in 1776 in this colony and in Virginia computed to be 180,000 men, ix. [60]-Amount of British fhips and feamen employed in the trade between Great Britain, this colony and Virginia, the value of the goods imported from Great Britain to thefe colonies, and the produce of these colonies exported to Great Britain and elsewhere, zi. [215]-Violent proceedings at the arrival of the Boston port bill, xviii, [6, 7, 10. 13]-The value of the exports of tobacco into England from this country before the war, xviii. [192]-The refpect of the major part of the house of affembly for the mother-country which prevailed in May 1776, the critical fituation in which they stood at that time, and the reafons which influenced them to agree with the propofals of Congrefs for the declaration of independency, which G took took place July the 4th, 1776, xix. a confiderable lofs of men and artil- Mecklenburgh, ftate of the war in, ii. Mediterranean, the, refolutions taken in British admiralty, with a promife of Meer, the fignal advantage and glorious Meppen taken by the French, iv. [30] Minden, taken by affault, with immenfe in Military fchool firit inftituted at Con- at at the geneal peace, under an abfolute ftipulation to erect no fortification upon it, v. [57. 236]-New fettlers arrived in 1766, ix. [70]-French difpoffeffed of it, xxii. [3] Miranda taken by the Spaniards, v. [29] Mifnia, ftate of the war in, iii. [45. 59] Miffilippi, the navigatiou of, made com mon to England and France at the general peace in 1763, v. [56. 236] Moldavia, ftate of the war between the Ruffians and the Turks, xii. [27, 28] -xiii. [14. 19] Monmouth, North America, battle near, June 28th, 1778, xxi. [222*, 226*] Montmorenci, the Falls of, unfuccessful action of the English at, ii. 38, 39. Montenero, adjacent to Venetian Dalmatia, the very remarkable and powerful infurrection in 1767, and the measures taken by the republic of Venice to fupprefs it. x. [11, 12. 153. 163, 164]-The great bravery of the Montenerins, who are at length defeated by the Turks, xi. [27, 28] Monnettiere, near Briançon, 270 houfes deftroyed by fire, xvii. [115] Monthifon in France, dreadful fire in March 1765, ix. [71.72] Montreal, itate of the French forces at the beginning of 1760, with which monfieur Levi proceeded to befiege Quebec after it had been taken by the English; with an account of the fiege, and the French general being obliged to raise it, iii. [6. 9]-motions of the two armies (English and French) previous to the attack upon this place; a defcription of its fituation and fortifications; and its furrender to the English, September 8th, 1760, and the conditions on which it furrendered, [57. 59. 149, 150. 220.230]—The addrefs of the officers of the militia on the death of his late majefty, iv. [91] -Ceded to the English at the general peace in 1763, v. [55, 56. 235, 236] -A dreadful fire, May 26th, 1765, which deftroyed 180 houfes, and produced a lofs of 180,000l. fterling, viii. [115]-Complaints against the foldiery for the great exceffes they were guilty of in 1766, ix. [90]-a benefaction of 4001. given by the city of London to the fufferers by the late fire at this place, [96]—A dreadful fire in April 1768, which confumed ninety houses, and destroyed the effects of a great number of people, xi. [119]— The weak state of this garrifon at the time it was taken by general Montgomery in November 1775, and the very honourable and advantageous terms granted by that general to the inhabitants of that city on its furrender to him, xix. [6, 7]-the retreat which the rebels made into this town after they were foiled in their expedition againtt Quebec, and the manner in which they abandoned this city and left it in poffeffion of the king's troops, [153*155*] Montferrat threatened with an infurrection, xi. [131. 141] Moravia, ftate of the war in, i. 40, 41. Morea, the, hoftile proceedings of the Ruffions and Turks in, xiii. [25. 34. 123] Morocco, ftate of, in 1769, xii. [12]— Hoftilities against Spain, xvii. [36.38] -friendship with England, [159]— war prosecuted against the states-general, [172]--xviii. [139]-War with Spain, xviii. [142*. 146*]—state of the navy in 1775, [84] Mulwaggle, famous battle between the army of the East India Company and Hyder Ally, xii. [50] Munden, feized upon by the French, iii. [24] Munich, an account of a royal ordinance published November 13th, 1764, for reviving and extending the mortmain law of 1762, and the fevere penalties. threatened against all offenders of this ordinance, vii. [109, 110]-The edi&t for punishing duels with death, publifhed in 1773, in which the parties and their feconds were both involved, xvii. [149, 150] Muniter taken by the French, ii. 16— befieged by the allies, 21-furrenders to the allies after various military operations had been purfued, 49-Lofs of the allies in an action where prince Henry of Brunfwick was mortally wounded, iv. [27, 28] Murhard in Germany, 153 houses confumed by fire, viii. [126] Muskau, dreadful fire in 1766, ix. [94] |