vernor of Greenwich hofpital; this motion is rejected upon a divifion, [159, 160]-minority lords quit the houfe; refolutions of the houfe in vindication of the earl of Sandwich, and the hard cafe of captain Baillie, [160, 161]-marquis of Rockingham endeavours to bring forward an enquiry into the affairs of Ireland in this feffion, when, after feveral ineffectual attempts, a kind of compromife takes place, referring the bulinets of that country to the enfuing feffion, [161, 162]-Mr. Townshend moves in the houfe of commons to defer the prorogation of parliament, but without effect, [162]-fubftance of the royal meffage to the houfe of commons, and of the manifefto from the court of Madrid, at the time it was laid before the house, [162, 163]-the reflections and charges on the conduct of minifters in confequence of this manifefto, [163, 164]—the addrefs to his majcity, in answer to the royal meffage, passed unanimously, [164]-second addrefs moved by lord John Cavendish, upon which a motion of adjournment was immediately made, and was carried upon a divifion, [164, 165]-amendment to the addrets of the lords was moved by the earl of Abingdon, and was rejected upon a divifion, [165]ferond amendment propofed by the duke of Richmond, the arguments by which it was fupported, till it was rejected upon a division, [165. 168]— bill brought in by the minifter for doubling the militia, after much deba’e and propofed amendment, paffed by the houfe of commons, [168. 170]-the indemnity bill propofed and carried in the commons, [170, 171]-militia bill meets with great oppofition in the house of lords, and the various proposals of amendment, modification, and fubftitution, [171]the indemnity bill much oppofed, but carried through,[171] -militia bill deprived of its principal effective powers, and returned to the commons, [171, 172]—complaints by the minifter of the amendments made by the lords in the militia bill, which was at length paffed, with the amendments, in the commons, [172]-[peech from the throne, previous to the recess on July the 3d, 1779, [172, 173]An impartial view of the unfavourable and melancholy afpect of public affairs previous to the meeting of parliament on November the 25th, 1779,

xxiii. [33. 37]- The contents of the fpeech from the throne on that day; the addrefs proposed in the house of commons; the amendment moved by lord John Cavendish; the great debates which this motion produced; the strictures which were made upon public measures in general, and upon the conduct of the preceding campaign, which produced an able defence from the minifter, after which the amendment to the address was rejected upon a divifion, by a majority of 233 to 134, [37. 53]-an amendment to the addrefs in the houfe of lords, moved for by the marquis of Rockingham, which produced debates which were exceedingly interefting, einbraced a variety of fubjects of the greatest importance, and were carried on without langour through a length of time very unusual in that house, [53. 56]-the motion of the earl of Shelburne, for a vote of cenfure against minifters relative to their conduct with refpect to Ireland; the debates on the queftion; and the part taken by the late led prefident of the council, the earl Gower; till the motion was rejected upon a divifion, by a majority of more than two to one, [57. 64]— fimilar motion in the house of commons, by the earl of Upper Offory, which produces a defence of adminiftration on the one hand, and animadverfion on the other, till the queftion was put, and rejected upon a divifion, by a majority of 173 to roo, [64. 72]-the unexpected motion which was made by the duke of Richmond for an economical reform of the civil lift eftablishment produces confiderable debates, till at length it was rejected by a majority of 41, the numbers being 77 to 36, [72. 77]—the minifter opens his propofitions to the house of commons, on December the 13th, 1779, for affording relief to Ireland, which are agreed to without oppofition; with a description of the two bills which were accordingly brought in, and paffed before the recefs at Christmas; the third bill being of a more complex nature, requiring a variety of enquiry, and being fubject to feveral limitations and commiffions, was fuffered to lie over the holidays in its prefent ftate of an open propofition, [77, 78]-the earl of Shelburne's motion relative to the extraordinaries of the army, and introductory

E

tory to a further reform in the public
expenditure, which motion was re-
jected upon a divifion by a majority of
81 to 41, [78. 81]-the purport of
this noble earl's fecond intended pro-
pofition, which went to the appoint-
ment of a committee for enquiring
into the feveral parts of the public ex-
penditure, and confidering what re-
ductions or favings could with con-
fiftency be made; which propofition
he informed the house hould be taken
into confideration with their confent
on the 8th of the following February,
which was agreed to, [81]-the great
popularity which the duke of Rich-
mond, the carl of Shelburne, and his
royal highness the duke of Cumber-
land acquired, as well as the other
lords who attempted to introduce a
reform in the public expenditure, [81,
82]-Mr. Burke gives notice of his
plan of public reform and economy,
which he propofes bringing forward
after the recefs at Christmas, [83. 85]
fir George Savile's fpeech on intro-
ducing into the house of commons, the
petition from the county of York, and
the debates which it produced, [88.
921-the spirited and energetic petition
to the houfe of commons, by the mer-
chants, planters, and others, interested
in the inland of Jamaica, which was
prefented by Mr. Pennant, [92. 94]-
the general principles which Mr. Burke
laid down, and explained to the house,
as containing thofe fundamental rules,
by which he was determined to raise
his fuperftructure of reform, and the
fubftance of the bills brought in upon
that fyftem, [94. roo]-the particu-
lars of the earl of Shelburne's motion
on February the 8th, (pursuant to the
notice given before the recefs) for a
committee of both houfes to enquire
into the public expenditure; the speech
with which this motion was intro-
duced; the manner in which it was fe-
conded by the earl of Coventry; the
two principal grounds upon which it
was oppofed by the lord's of admini-
Aration or office; the ftrictures with
respect to the county meetings and
petitions that were made in the courfe
of the debates upon lord Shelburne's
rhotion, as well as the reafons which
the marquis of Carmarthen gave for
his refignation; and likewife the ftric-
tures that were thrown out on the
conduct of a noble lord at the head of
a great department; the fate of this

motion, which was rejected upon a
division, in which the oppofition had
fhewn a very unusual strength, [100.
113.]-the protetts which were en-
tered on this motion of lord Shel-
burne's being rejected, [113. 327-
331]-colonel Barré gives notice of
his intended propofitions relative to
a committee of accounts, and meets
with the approbation of the minifter
on this occafion, [114. 116] - fir
George Savile's motion for an account
of patent places and falaries, which
meets with the concurrence of the
houfe, [116]-fir George Savile hav-
ing fucceeded in this motion, moves
the house that an account of all fub-
fifting penfions granted by the crown
during pleasure, or otherwife, fpecify-
ing the amount of fuch penfions
refpectively, and the times when and
the perfons to whom fuch penfions were
granted, should be laid before the
houfe; this motion meets with a strong
and determined oppofition, which (be-
ing interrupted for one whole week by
the illness of the Speaker) is refumed
in the following week; when an
amendment to the motion is made by
the minilter, produces long debates,
and is at length carried on an exceed-
ingly clofe divifion, by a majority of
two only, the numbers being 188 to
186, [116. 120]-the Jamaica petition
prefented to the houfe of lords, and
the fubject ftrongly enforced by the
marquis of Rockingham, and the leave
that was granted for the petition to lie
upon the table for the perufal and con-
fideration of the lords, under the
avowed intention of the marquis of
Rockingham to make it the founda-
tion of a future motion for the pro-
tection and fecurity of the ifland of
Jamaica; an intention which the mea-
fures adopted by government about
this time rendered unneceffary, [120.
122]-thanks of the lords and com-
mons to admiral fir George Rodney,
for his late eminent fervices; and the
attempt which was made by the op-
pofition in both houfes, to obtain fome
mark of royal favour for that com-
inander, [132. 124]-fcheme for a
commiffion of accounts announced by
the minifter in the houfe of commons,
which produces fome strictures upon
that fubject by colonel Barré, [124.
126]-Mr. Burke's establishment bill,
although read a first and second time
without oppofition, produces a debate

and

and divifion relative only to time, on its committal, when the numbers in the minority were very alarming to miniftry, [126, 127]-motion by the earl of Shelburne, relative to the removal of the marquis of Carmarthen and the earl of Pembroke from the lieutenancy of their refpective counties was much agitated, but was,' after much debate, rejected upon a divifion, by a majority of 92 to 39, [127. 133] -the order of the day for going into a committee on Mr. Burke's establishment bill being called for in the house of commons, a very unexpected queftion was started upon the incompetence of the house to enter into any discus fion whatever, relative to the king's civil lift revenue or establishment; the debates which immediately followed; when oppofition infift that the decision of that question should take place of the order of the day; but the question for the order of the day is carried npon a very clofe divifion, by a majority of fix only, [134. 139]-debates in the committee upon the firit claufe of the establishment bill, for abolishing the office of third fecretary of ftate; which claufe is rejected after very long debates, upon a divifion, by a very fmall majority, [139, 144]-the abolition of the board of trade was the fecond clause of Mr. Burke's bill which came under the confideration of the committee; the debates which this claufe produced, till it was carried in the affirmative by a majority of eight, [145]-difference between the minifter and the speaker (fir Fletcher Norton) in the course of the debate on the question of competenty in parliament, [145. 148]-the ftrictures which were paffed in the houfe of lords, on the appointment of Mr. Fullarton to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the army, and to the command of an intended new regiment, produced a complaint from this gentleman against the earl of Shelburne, which ended in a duel in Hyde Park; whereupon notice was given by fir James Lowther of an intended motion for preferving the freedom of debate in parliament: upon this, the fubject alluded to in the earl of Shelburne's speech was confiderably agitated in the house, and was warmly refented without doors, and was followed by public addreffes of congratulation to the earl of Shelburne on his

recovery, whofe danger (as well as that to which Mr. Fox had been lately expofed) was attributed to an ardent zeal in the fervice of their country, [148. 153]the contractors bill brought in by fir Philip Jennings Clerke, and carried through the house of commons without a divifion, [153] -on the fame day (March the 20th) great debates were produced on the claufe in Mr. Burke's eftablishment bill, for abolishing the offices of treafurer of the chamber and others; when the queftion, on the first member of the claufe, was loft on a divifion by a confiderable majority; whereupon Mr. Burke declared his total indifference to what became of the rest of the bill, till roufed by Mr. Fox into his wonted activity, he propofed the fucceeding questions, which were rejected, [153. 156]-debates on the minister's motion for giving notice to the Eaft India Company, of the paying off their capital stock at the end of three years; when the previous question was moved, and loft on a divifion, by a majority of 142 to 68, [156. 158]— motion against receiving the report of the new taxes, until the petitions of the people were confidered, rejected upon a divifion by a great majority of 145 to 37, [156. 158]-earl of Effingham's motion in the house of lords for a lift of places, penfions, &c. held by members of that houfe, was rejected upon a divifion of 51 to 24, [158, 159]-nature and fubftance of the debates on the fubject of the new corps; the divifion which thefe debates produced, and the majority by which the question was carried, [160. 164]— great debates in the committee with refpect to the confideration of the petitions, on April the 6th, 1780, and fome fubfequent days; the part Mr. Dunning had in these debates, and the amended motion made by this gentleman, which was carried upon a divifion in a very full houfe, [164. 171]— Mr. Dunning's fecond motion in this debate was carried without a divifion, [171]-a third motion by Mr. T. Pitt in the committee agreed to, [171, 172} -the house being refumed, Mr. Fox's motion for immediately receiving the report from the committee was oppofed, but carried; after which the refolutions of the committee were reported, received, and confirmed by the house, [172, 173]-Mr. Dune

E 2

ning's

ning's motion on a following day
(April the 10th) in the committee for
fecuring the independence of parliament
was agreed to, [173]-Mr. Dunning's
next motion for difqualifying perfons
holding certain offices from fitung in
that house, was carried upon a divi-
fion, by a majority of two only, [173]
-Mr. Crew's bill for excluding re-
venue officers from voting on the
election of members of parliament,
was rejected upon a divifion, [174]—
great debates in the house of lords
upon the fecond reading of the con-
tractors bill, previous to the rejection
of this bill upon a divifion by a confi-
derable majority; and the protest of
the lords in the minority upon this
occafion, [174. 181. 332, 333]—
confequences of the fpeaker's illness,
[181] poftponed motion of Mr.
Dunning for an addrefs to prevent
diffolving the parliament, or pro-
roguing the prefent feffion, until pro-
per measures thould be taken for cor-
recting the evils complained of in the
petitions of the people, brings out
long debates, but is rejected by a con-
fiderable majority in an exceedingly
full houfe, [181, 182]-diforder upon
Mr. Fox rifing to speak; nature of
his fpeech, and the reply made to it
by the minifter, [182. 184]-great
debates upon the claufe in Mr. Burke's
bill for abolishing the office of great
wardrobe, &c. previous to the claufe
being rejected upon a divifion, [184]
-fucceeding claufe in the fame elta-
blishment bill for abolishing the board
of works, was rejected upon a divi-
fion of 203 to 118, [184]-debates
upon the minifter's bill for a com-
miffion of accounts; clofe divifion
upon a question in the committee;
bill at length paffed, [184. 186]-
debates on colonel Barré's motions
relative to the extraordinaries of the
army in 1780, when the first motion
was rejected upon a divifion by a ma-
jority of more than two to one, the
numbers being 123 to 57; after which
the fecond and third motions received
a negative without any divifion, and
the fourth was withdrawn, [186, 187]
-an inaffectual attempt was made by
general Conway to bring in a bill for
reftoring peace with America; which
was difpofed of upon a divifion by a
motion for the order of the day, which.
was carried by a majority of 123 to 8r,
[187]-motion tending to an enquiry

into any requifition made by the civil
magiftrate for the attendance of the
military upon the meeting of the
electors of Westminster in April 1780:
this motion was rejected on a divi-
fien, by a majority of 133 to 91, on
May the 8th, 1780, after which the
houfe of commons began to be very
badly attended during the remainder
of the feffion, [187188]-clause of
Mr. Burke's bill for abolishing the
offices of mafter of the buck-hounds,
fox hounds and barriers, was reject-
ed upon a divifion, by a majority of
75 to 49 agreement to the claufe in
the fad bill, for enacting, that the
places of lieutenant and enfign, and
all other inferior officers belonging to
the body of yeomen of the guards
(after the determination of thefe of-
fices in the prefent poffeffors), and alfo
all commiffion and other officers be-
longing to the band of gentlemen-
penfioners, thould not be fold, but be
filled by officers of the army and navy
on half-pay, and of fifteen years fer-
vice; the negative given to the clause
for abolishing the office of paymaster
of the penfions and its dependencies,
by a majority of 79 to 64; the rejec-
tion of the claufe againft the private
payment of the penfions during plea-
fure, was carried by a majority of 115
to 79; the claufe for limiting the fecret
fervice money was rejected without a
divifion; the claufe for regulating the
order in which payments were to be
made to the civil officers of the state,
including all the orders of the house-
hold, was rejected upon a divifion,
by a majority of 110 to 58; the claufe
for enabling certain fpecified great
officers to call the feveral public ac-
countants before them, in a fummary
way, and to examine and audit their
accounts, was rejected by 68 to 31;
after which one claufe, relative to the
exchequer, was propofed, but left un-
determined at that time, and the com-
mittee was ftill kept open, [188, 1891
-motion of the recorder of London
in favour of the petitioners, rejected
upon a divifion by a majority of 89
to 54, [189]-the last effort in behalf
of the petitioners was made by Mr.
Dunning, May the 26th, 1780, in his
motion in the committee of the whole
houfe on the confideration of the pe-
titions for reporting their own two
refolutions of the 10th of April, which
motion was fet afide by a motion for

the

the chairman to quit the chair, amounting to a dissolution of the committee, that was carried by a majority of 177 to 134, [189]-refolutions and conduct of both houfes relative to the meeting of the protestant affociation in St. Georges Fields, [June the 20, 1780) the fubfequent riots, milchiefs, and conflagrations, and commitment of lord George Gordon to the Tower, [189. 195*]-the fpeech from the throne on the meeting of parliament, June 19th, after the late diforders, [195*, 196*]— addreffes in confequence of this fpeech, [196]efolutions in the houfe of commons for quieting the minds of well-meaning but ill-informed perfons, [196*, 197*]-bill paffes the houfe of commons for the fecurity of the proteftant religion, but is thrown out in the house of lords, [197*. 199*] -speech from the throne, July the 8th, 1780, on proroguing this very long, and very extraordinary feffion of parliament, [199, 200*].

Ermfdorf, the furprize and glorious defeat of the French and Saxons commanded by monf. Glaubitz, (July 16th, 1760) who was taken prisoner by the hereditary prince of Brunswick, and the important fervices performed by Eliott's new raised light horte, iii. [22, 23].

Europe involved in a general war in 1756, with an enquiry into the real caufes which produced it; and the total revolution in the fyftem of politics, in confequence of the very extraordinary treaty of Verfailles in 1756, i. 2. 9.-The inclinations and condition of the feveral belligerent nations at the clofe of the campaign in 1758, ii. 1. 7.-A recapitulation of the ftate of affairs at the end of 1759,

55, 56-State of the feveral belligerent states; pacific propofals made by Great Britain and Pruffia, and the difficulties in concluding a peace at the end of the year 1759, iii. [1. 5.] -preliminary remarks on the treaty of peace propofed and entered into by the belligerent powers in 1761; progrefs of the negotiation, the difficulties attending it, and the French machinations in Spain, which at length broke it off, and produced a war between England and Spain, as well as France and the German powers, iv. [1. 7. 13, 14. 18. 24. 37. 53.] -The very interefting fituation of affairs, both military and political, in

Europe, at the close of the year 1761, and the beginning of 1762, v. [1.6.] -the caufes which accelerated and concluded the general peace in 1763, [43.48. 55.]-the nature and articles of the peace described, [56. 63. 235. 249]-The calm and benign effects of the peace in 1763, which appeared in the feveral ftates, and their endeavours to heal the wounds they had received by the late war, vi. [48]-The zealous endeavours of the feveral nations to reward the military and naval forces employed in the late war, and to improve the lands ceded to them by the late peace, vi. [18. 32. 59. 97, 98]— The favourable appearances through the feveral ftates of Europe in 1764, for the prefervation of the public peace, owing in no fmall degree to the internal movements and diffentions in various ftates, particularly in France, and the ftrong contest between the administration and the parliaments in the different provinces in that country, vii. [1. 10. 12, 13. 16, 17, 18. 33. 48, 49]-The peaceable afpect of the great powers of this part of the world towards each other, and the reafons for afferting that the demands of Great Britain on France and Spain, for fome apparent infringements on the last treaty of peace, did not afford fufficient caufe to apprehend a rupture between them in 1765, viii. [1, 2]— The nature of the alliances which took place this year between several ftates by intermarriages, and their future probable effects on the political affairs of Europe, [2. 4]-the general ftate of Sweden, Portugal, Poland, and Corfica, [4]-the afpect of Europe in general more pacific than ever in. 1765; and the great encouragement given to agriculture, navigation, and the ufeful arts in feveral ftates, particularly in England, [6. 8]-The pacific appearance of affairs in general in 1766; the continuance of the clofe union of the houfe of Bourbon, and the ftrength which the proteftant fyftem received by the prince of Orange being of age, as well as by the marriages which took place in the laft and the prefent year, ix. [3.6. 81. 120. 136. 145]-The remarkable and abfolute refufal of Italy, and the Roman catholic ftates, to acknowledge the titles and claims of the Stuart family, [6, 7. 91. 96]—The great fpirit of improvement in the arts of peace, in manufactures, commerce,

E 3

and