1 new term, [17. 35]-articles of confederation were propofed in the autumn of 1775, but were not adopted by all the colonies at that time, [35] the commercial refolution, fufpending, in certain cafes, the prohibition with refpect to exportation and importation, which took place; and the declaration in aníwer to the royal proclamation of the 23d of August, [35, 36]-the nature and subftance of the petition which the Congrefs prefented to his Britannic majefty by Mr. Penn, [45, 46]-proceedings of the military and navy under their command, in 1776, at Bolton, in Canada, in North Carolina, at the Bahama Islands, in Virginia and its coafts, in the river of Cape Fear, at Charlestown, and in Sullivan's Iland, [145. 163"]-the fubftance of the circular letter, which they published, for the establishment of new governments, previous to the declaration of independency which took place on July the 4th, 1776, [163 165]their proceedings on the arrival of lord Howe and general Howe as commiffioners for reftoring peace in the colonies, and the manner in which they treated the negociation offered for that purpofe, [167*. 1741-iffues, on the 23d of March, a proclamation to empower the inhabitants of the colonies under them to cruize on the fhips of their enemies, and to regulate the distribution of the prize money, &c. [128]

refolved to borrow eight millions of dollars, at four per cent. interest, and iffue a proclamation accordingly in October 1776, [189]-The perfe verance of the Congrefs, on the ill fuccefs of their army in 1776, in Canada, and on the lofs of their brave officer, general Lee, in the Jerfeys, who was taken by furprize by colonel Harcourt; the measures they took for renewing their armies the lands which were allotted to the military who ferved during the war; the refolution which they paffed to borrow five millions of dollars, at an interest of four per cent. on the faith of the United States, as the annual fupplies raifed in the different colonies by their respective affemblies were found infufficient for the purposes of carrying on the war; and the fubftance of the addrefs to the people in general, and more particularly to thofe of Pennsylvania and the adjacent states,

in this critical fituation of their affairs, xx. [1. 13]-their retreat from Philadelphia to Baltimore in Maryland, and the internal divifions which prevailed in their affembly at that time, and the revolt of fome of its members, [13, 14]--the fuccefs which afterwards attended their army on the Delaware, and at Trenton, and the measures by which Philadelphia was faved, Pennsylvania freed from danger, and the Jerfeys nearly recovered from the British arms, at the time the articles of confederation and perpetual union between the thirteen united colories took place, [14. 23]the advantages which their army received from the king's troops being detained at New York, and prevented from taking the field fo early as was expected in May 1777, through the want of tents and field equipage, [118. 120]-Congrefs find themselves obliged to advance the rate of intereft upon the large loan they intended to raife from four to fix per cent. [125]-the teftimonies of public gratitude which they paid to the memory of major-general Warren, who commanded and fell in the engagement at Bunker's Hill, and to brigadier-general Mercer, who was flain in the action near Prince Town in Virginia, [125]-Congrefs was alarmed at the motions of the powerful fleet and army of the_royalifts, under the command of the brother generals and commiffioners, at the rapid progrefs of general Burgoyne on the fide of the Lakes, and the unaccountable conduct of their own commanders, in abandoning Ticonderoga, [126]-Their inexorable fufpenfion of the convention at Saratoga, until a ratification fhould be obtained from the court of Great Britain, and the hard condition of the brave British army who had furrendered on the terms of this convention, xxi. [212*. 114*]-the preparations which they took for carrying on a vigorous campaign in 1778, [215] the effect produced in this affembly by the draught of the conciliatory bills (paffed this year by the British parliament) being publifhed in America, and the refult of the deliberations and feveral refolutions upon the fubject they contained, [216*, 217*-the great exultation on the arrival of Mr. Simeon Deane at York Town, (where the Congrefs had fat C 2 Since

fince the lofs of Philadelphia) with
thofe fatal inftruments which feemed
to ftamp a feal upon the feparation
of America from England, viz. the
copies of the two treaties of alliance
and commerce which had been con-
cluded between France and the
United States, [217*]-the answer
which they returned to the commif-
fioners for restoring peace, &c. on
receiving a letter and other papers
from them, and the means which
were taken by fome individual mem-
bers of this affembly (though not of-
ficially as joint members of this body)
to obviate the effects of this com-
mission, [218*. 220*]—proceedings
of their army under general Wash-
ington, on the British forces evacuat-
ing Philadelphia, till the action at
Freehold or Monmouth was fought
between the British and provincial
troops, with an account of that ac-
tion, [220*. 226*]-general Lee
tried by a court-martial, and fuf-
pended, [226]-the arrival of the
Toulon fquadron on the coaft of
America: the various proceedings of
that fleet at Sandy Hook and Rhode
Inland, till it proceeds from thence
to Nantaiket Road, at Bofton, where
it was fo strongly fecured, in Auguft
1778, as to render an attack imprac-
ticable, [227*. 236*]——the_cere-
mony obferved at the first audience
given to monfieur Gerard, minifter
plenipotentiary from the French king
to the rebel colonies, by this affem-
bly, in August 1778, with a copy and
tranflation of the French king's let-
ter to them (dated March 28, 1778);
his minifter's fpeech in Congrefs, with
their reply by the prefident, [270.
274]-A review of the conciliatory
meafures propofed to Congrefs by the
commiffioners for reftoring peace in
America, and the refolutions which
the Congrefs published against hold-
ing any communication or inter-
courfe with one of the commiffioners;
upon which that gentleman declines
any longer acting in the commiffion,
and publishes a declaration in anfwer
to the Congrefs, xxii. [18. 22]-the
declaration which was published by
the remaining commiffioners in an-
fwer to the Congrefs, and the final
manifefto and proclamation which
the Commiffioners iffued and pub-
lifhed on October the 3d, 1778: this
produced the cautionary declaration
er notice to the public by the Con-

grefs, which was foon followed by
counter manifefto on their part, which
was filled with bitterness and acri-
mony, and concluded with a threaten-
ing retaliation, [22. 27]-The ope-
rations of their army in South Caro-
lina, in the autumn of the year 1779,
and in the fpring of 1780, and the
defeat their army met with at Charles-
town, under the command of gene-
ral Lincoln, who furrendered the
town on terms of capitulation, on
the 11th of May 1780, xxiii. [218*.
221*the ftate of the garrison,
artillery, and frigates, which furren-
dered to the British troops at that
time, [222]the defeat of their
army at Waxfaw by colonel Tarle-
ton, [223]-the weak state of their
army under general Washington in
the fummer of 1780, which accounts
for his not making an attack upon
New York, at the time it was in a
very weak state, by the departure of
the army under fir Henry Clinton,
which was gone on an expedition to
South Carolina, [224*, 225*]-the
ftrenuous exertions of their army in
June 1780, in North Carolina, un-
der the command of general Gates;
with a defcription of the battle at
Camden, where Lord Cornwallis ob-
tained a compleat victory, [230*,
233-their general Sumpter fur-
prized by colonel Tarleton at the Ca-
tawba Fords, where one hundred and
fifty were killed on the fpot, and
about three hundred taken prifoners,
with two pieces of cannon, and a
number of prisoners and waggons re-
taken, [234]

Connecticut; parliamentary grants to,
i. 131-An inftance of attention to
the police in, viii. 76.-The number
of whites and blacks fuppofed capable
of bearing arms in 1776, estimated
at 45,000 men, ix. [60]-See New
England,

Confantinople; a dreadful maffacre of
fifty thousand perfons by the Arabs
in 1758, and the fuppofed cause, i.
80-Great rejoicings made at the birth
of a princefs in 1759, ii. 87-A dan-
gerous infurrection, which threatened
a revolution, in 1760, iii. [96]-a
memorable account of the capture of
a man of war belonging to this court,
in 1760, by fome chriftia: flaves,
[152]-The reftitution of this fhip de-
manded by the grand fignior, and
peremptorily refufed, and the hoftile
preparations which immediately took

place

place against Malta, iv. [101, 102, 103]the manifefto (tranflated) against the Maltefe, [109]-an account of a dreadful fire which happened in 1761, [177, 178]—A great riot on account of the Venetian merchants carrying on an illicit trade (under the fanction of their ambassador) in that city in 1763, [vi. 79]The pacific ftate of this city and empire, in 1765, in refpect of foreign powers, and the very amiable character of the prefent emperor Mustapha III. viii. [5, 6]a very dreadful fire, which was fucceeded by the plague, in March and April 1765, [96] the grand vizir beheaded, and the reafon affigned for it, [107]—a formidable oppofition to this ftate by the Georgians, under the conduct of prince Heraclias, the chief of that province, [158] and ix. [3]-The encouragement given to the introduction of the art of printing, x. [11]— the piratical states of Barbary throw off their dependence upon the Porte; to which is added an account of an infurrection in the province of Montenero, [11, 12. 53-the great damage done to the thipping by fire, [65, 66]-he affaffination of all the beys attempted in March 1767, [104, 105]--the dreadful fire which broke out on the 26th of September, 1767, [140]-Some obfervations on the state and conduct of this government, at the time it openly fupported the party of the confederates in Poland, and engaged in a war with Ruffia on that account, xi. [6, 7]-the first act of violence or hoftility appeared at the town of Zwaniec, which was pillaged and burned by the Turks, [23, 24]-the fuppreffion of a revolt of the Montenerins, who inhabit a part of Venetian Dalmatia, [27, 28]-the watchful attention which was long fhewed by this court to the affairs of Poland, before it engaged in the war, and the storming of the town of Balta, wbich was the occafion of the war, [28, 30]-the fubftance of the manifefto, containing the causes of the war, and hoftile preparations fublequent thereto, [31. 34]-the alarms occafioned by the hottile proceedings of Ali Bey, at Alexandria in Egypt, [65]-3 tranflation of the charge given by the grand fignior to the new grand vizir, at his inftallation in 1768, [190]-The various caufes which produced the critical fituation of the

Turkish affairs in the beginning of 1769, and the comparative difficulties of this empire and that of the Ruffians in this war, xii. [2.5]ftate of the army on the borders of Poland during the winter of 1768 and the fpring of 1769, [13]-the particular ceremony of difplaying the standard of Mahomet described, when it is death for any Chriftian to be feen in the streets, or even to look through a door or a window; and the great tumult which was occafioned by the curiofity of two ladies, the wife and daughter of the fieur Broynard, the refident from the court of Vienna, whofe lives were in the greatest danger from their curiofity to fee the proceffion, [15, 16. 105] declares war against the king of Poland, as inimical to the confederates, [18, 19]-some remarkable proofs of the licentious ftate of the army, and of the weakness which prevailed in the councils of the feraglio, and the loffes they fuftained after the appointment of Moldovani Ali Pacha to command their army, [22. 29]-the dreadful fire which broke out in this city, July 10, 1769, and raged with great fury for twelve hours, [125]-The amazing firmness with which the grand fignior (Muftapha III.) bore the heavy loffes and misfortunes of the war, and the happy influence which his own example had on his fubjects, in preventing the domestic tumults from rifing to their ufual height in times of diftrefs, xiii. [6, 7]-the apparent marks of the decline of this empire, and the reafons for believing that peace was near at hand at the beginning of 1770, [7. 9]-the renewal of the war on the Danube, and in the provinces of Moldavia and Walachia, and in different parts of Poland; the battle at the river Larga, with the defeat of the Khan of the Tartars, and the compleat victory which general Romanzow gained over the Turks, between the Pruth and the Cahue; and the purfuit of the Turks to the Danube, who were obliged to crofs that river with great lofs, [11. 19]the brave but ineffectual defence of Bender, which was made by their troops, till it was taken by ftorm, and burned, [21. 24]-the bad fuccefs which attended their army at Ibrailow, when befieged by the Ruffians, [25, 26]— the great difappointments and loffes C 3 which

which they fuftained in the Morea
were confiderably increased by the
enormities committed in the capital,
by the runaway failors and deferters,
by the plague at Conftantinople, and
by the revolution in Egypt, effe&ted
by Ali Bey, [27. 41]-the deftruc-
tion of their fleet by captain Greig
and two English lieutenants, [151,
52]-the poverty and famine which
raged in the year 1770, [166]-The
ill fuccefs which attended the Turks
in their pofts on the Danube in 1771 ;
their lofs of Crim Tartary; the de-
feat of their army, which was totally
ronted at Babadagh, till at length
they abandon the Danube, and fly
for refuge to the mountains, xiv,
[73*. 77 -the state of their mari-
time affairs in the Mediterranean and
in the Archipelago was equally un-
favourable and unfuccessful, [78*]-
the deplorable and almost irretrieva-
ble itate of this empire from the war
with Ruffia, the ravage of the plague,
the feparation of Egypt and Syria
from this government by Al Bey,
and from other caufes, which mutt
make the dawn of a peace, under the
mediation of the courts of Vienna
and Berlin, in 1771, very acceptable,
as the only method which could fave
jt from deltruction, [78*. 80*]—
the great mifchief done by fome in-
cendiaries in 1771, [99]-The pleaf-
ing profpect of an approaching peace,
which appeared in an a mistice being
concluded between the hoftile powers
on May the 30th, 1772, which was
followed by a congrefs held at Foc-
zani in Walachia; this congrefs was
opened July 15, 1772, and continued
till the enfuing month of September,
when it broke up without effect;
with fome conjectures upon the cause,
xv. [13. 15]—the negociations for
peace were renewed at Bucharest,
October 29, in the fame year, and
an armistice concluded, which was
to continue to March 20, 1773, [16]
-the great joy occafioned by the de-
feat of Aly Bey and the revolution in
Egypt, and the caufe which pro-
duced it, [16. 20]The general
pleafing afpect of affairs in this em-
pire in 1773, from the negative ad-
vantages of the war, from the reco-
very of Egypt, and from the unim-
portant confequences of the infur-
rection in Syria, xvi. [7]—the de-
fultory, although ruinous, kind of
ar which was pursued on the Da-

nube in 1773, in which lives were
loft without effect, and courage ex-
erted without honour, immediately
after the fruitlefs negociation for a
peace at Bucharest was closed, [12,
19]-the fate and ill fuccefs of the
naval armament fent to the Crimea,
[19, 20]-the restoration of order
and difcipline in the army, which
now began to take place, by the ahi-
lities of the grand vizier, in 1773 j
the advantages of the military fchool
established by a French conful at the
Dardanelles, and the fuccefsful turn
which their affairs took in Egypt,
[25. 27]-The state of the empire on
the death of the grand fignior (Mufta
pha III.) and on the acceffion of his
brother; the preparations for carry-
ing on the war, both by land and
fea, xvii. [1. 5]-defcription of fome
engagements which took place with
the Ruffians early in the year 17743
previous to the place which was fign-
ed the 21st of July 1774; the prin-
cipal articles of the peace, the effects
which they produced in the capital,
and the good faith with which thefe
articles were fulfilled on both sides,
[5. 10] The apparent harmony be-
tween this court and the court of
Petersburg in 1775, the appearance
of vigour with respect to the internal
government of affairs, the wife and
effectual fuppreffion of the tyranny
of many of the bafhas over the peo-
ple, and the favourable difpofition of
the grand fignior to the Chriftians in
his dominions, xviii. [156*. 158*]

the great lofs fuftained by the
merchants of the capital from the
Arabs, [101]-the firft inftitution
of a military fschool (ever known
here) took place in 1775, under the
direction of a profeffor named Ker-
womand, a native of Britanny, [107]

the wife internal regulations, fa-
vourable to the natives, to the Chrif
tians, and to the Jews, who were
fubjects of this empire, in 1775, [135,
136]the great and unexpected
changes in the ministry, [139]-The
establishment of a great Ruffian trad
ing houfe in this city, endowed with
feveral very confiderable exclufive
privileges, under the immediate pa-
tronage of the emprefs, xix. [190*]
-the ill fuccefs of their army in
Perfia, where Baffora (after a fiege
of more than twelve months) was at
length compelled, by dint of fickness
and famine, to fubmit to the Perfians,

owing in a great measure to the divifions and diforders which prevailed in the government of Bagdad, [191*] the great efforts which have been ufed fince the peace to restore and ftrengthen the Turkish marine, and to ftrengthen the fortreffes on the Danube and Niefter, [192*]-the indulgence which was granted to the Chriffians throughout this empire, in confequence of the pregnancy of the first and favourite fultanefs of the grand fignior, and the great danger of a revolt among his fubjects on this occafion, [114]-fome proofs of the great harmony fubfifting between the court of London and this court in 1776, [193]-The reluctance which this court fhewed to the articles of peace (at least in their full extent) which related to the open trade of the Ruffians in the Black Sea, and the confequent establishment of a Ruffian marine force upon that fea, xx. [184*, 185*]-the great share which this go, vernment took in the difputes of the rival Chans, and the petty war in the Crimea, while both fides were unwilling to proceed to extremities, [185, 186] the languid ftate of the war with Perfia in 1777, [186*, 169]-The great ftagnation of all trade in 1778, and the melancholy caufe which produced it, xxi, [203]

The particular circumstances attending the late war and peace between this court and the court of Petersburgh, which continued to fow the feeds of difcontent, jealousy, and ill-will between them, and threatened a new war in 1778 and 1779, till a negotiation was conducted, and a new convention concluded, under the mediation of the French minifter, on March the 21ft, 1779, xxiii. [6. 10] Corbach; the battle of, where the Hereditary Prince of Brunswick was wounded, and was obliged to leave the field to the fuperior force of the French, iii. [21, 22]

Corfica; military operations of monfieur Pafcal Paoli in 1758, i. 111.-Proceedings in 1759, ii. 81, 82,—The ftate of hoftilities in 1760, iii. [97, 98]-war declared, May 20th, 1760, against Genoa, [111]-Several forts taken by the malecontents in 1761, iv. [91]-they reject the Genoefe manifefto, offering a general pardon to the revolters; infult and abuse the Genoefe mediators, and increase their naval armament to cruize against the

Genoefe, [143, 144]-determination not to enter into any accommodation with Genoa, but to be a free and independent people, with fome account of the military and naval armaments on both fides, [153]-The fuccess of the military operations, in 1763, against the Genoese, and the appearances of an established commonwealth, in coining money, in having fettled councils and regular troops under their patriot leader Paoli, vi. [48, 49] The nature of the foreign jurifdiction established in this country, by a treaty made between France and Genoa, figned August the 7th, 1764, at Compeigne, and which was to continue in force for the fpace of four years from that date, vii, [101] -the very folemn manner in which they renewed the manifefto (said to have been fworn to by Paoli and his adherents in the year 1734) declaring their refolution to fubmit to any diftrefs, and death itself, rather than enter into any negociation with the republic of Genoa, or return under its yoke, [110, 111]—the firm precautions and fpirited refolutions taken by the natives, previous to the expected arrival of the French troops in this ifland, with an account of their arrival foon after these refolutions were taken, [115]-The confequence of the conference which Paoli held with M. de Marboeuf, commander of the French forces, in 1765, viii, [106]-fome remarkable refolutions of the natives, relating to the districts in their poffeffion, [115]-A concife defcription of the feveral revolutions it has undergone, till the prefent troubles with the Genoefe began, about the year 1729; ita state from that period till Theodore was proclaimed king; the proceedings of the French troops in 1738 till 1741, when they were withdrawn; the military prowess of Pafcal Paoli, and the civil reformations he introduced, from 1755 to 1767, x. [34. 39]-a remarkable inftance of the zeal of the natives for the English, [91]-the furrender of the island of Capraia to the Corficans, after a blockade of an hundred and two days (on May 28, 1767) in which the garrifon fuffered great hardships, [94]-the diftinguished fortitude fhewed in a naval engagement with a Turkish galley, in July 1767, [114]-the fortreffes of Calvi and Ajaccio delivered up to