nature of the treaty by which Corfica was ceded to this state, and the declaration in regard to Corfica, on condition of fubmitting to France, [46. 284.]-the vehement and public complaints made at the immoderate price of provisions and fcarcity of corn in 1768, [47, 48]-makes an ineffectual application to the court of Rome, that the brief iffued by the pope against the duke of Parma may be revoked; and in confequence of a refufal, formed an union with Spain, Auftria, and Portugal, and feveral Italian ftates, to abridge the power of the court of Rome, [53. 58. 79]-an enquiry into the conduct of this court previous to the invafion of Corfica, and the various fuccef's of the French arms at Furiana, Cafinca, Oletta, Murato, Borgo, Pietra, and Ifola Roffa, in that island, [58*. 65*.]—a particular account of the etiquette conftantly obferved on the indifpofition of any of the royal family at Paris, [61, 62]— the beneficial effects of the royal edict, permitting the unlimited exportation and importation of grain throughout all the ports of his majesty's dominions, [148]-the reformation projected by the bishop of Avranches in 1768, and the manner in which it was oppofed by the parliament of Rouen, [161]-took poffeffion of Corfica in form, July 25th, 1768, [161]-wife regulations to prevent monopoly,[181] -The low ftate of the finances in 1769, evident in the bankruptcy and total fufpenfion of the French East India Company, xii. [10, 11]-the jealousy with which the beheld the naval expedition of the Ruffians to the Mediterranean, [11]-the fruitlefs measures which were taken to feduce the Corficans to revolt from the common cause, the military operations by which they fubdued the whole island of Corfica, and annexed it to the fovereignty of France, and the lofs futtained by the French by this conqueft, [41. 46]the very wretched ftate of the finances in this country, and continued courfe of bankruptcies all over the kingdom in 1769, occafioned by the failure of the East India Company, which was totally ruined, and the reduction of the intereft on the public funds, withcut allowing an alternative of withdrawing their money to the creditors, and at the fame time taking away the benefit of furvivorship in the tontines,
[46, 47]-the opening of the new Vauxhall in Paris, in June 1769, on the festival of Corpus Chrifti, [110, 111] the number of negro flaves bartered for by France in 1768, and the computed value of each flave, [114] agrees to pay the Pope for the county of Venaiffin the fum of 6.000,000 of livres, by way of compenfation for the lofs of that territory to the Holy See, and the advantage fuppofed to be gained by France by that purchase, [115]-prefents a memorial to the States-General, acquainting them that the island of Corfica was united to the dominions of France, and requesting that their High Mightineffes would look upon any fhips that in future fhould appear under Corfican colours as pirates, and treat them accordingly, [127]-lays open the trade to the Eaft Indies to all the king's fubjects trading to that part of the world, [135]— the royal edict, granting an exemption for twenty years from all taxes, to fo reigners as well as natives, who fucceed in bringing wafte lands of every kind into tilth; and the agreement which the clergy of Brittany made to grant an exemption from tithe for twenty years on lands thus improving, [206]-general propofitions circulated through this country for improving the breed of theep, [206. 208]—The partiality and obttinacy fhewn by the king in behalf of his favourite the duke d'Aiguillon, and the manner in which this partiality was oppofed by the intrepid refolution of the parliaments in defence of the established and legal government, fairly and impartially confidered; and the extraordinary alteration in the conftitution of this country, which feems to be threat ened by thefe domeftic troubles; with a particular defcription of the several proceedings of the king and the parliaments in 1770, xiii. [47. 53]thefe domeftic evils were greatly increafed by the diftreffes of the people from the fcarcity of provifions, particularly in Limofin and the Marche, where four thousand perfons were faid to have perished by famine, [53]the little advantage this country reaped from the conqueft of Corfica, if that can be called a conqueft, where the people are upon every occafion in a state of defiance, and nothing but the fuperiority of a military force could keep this ifland in the poffeffion
of France, [53, 54]-the nature and
fuccefs of the expedition to Tunis, for
concluding a treaty with the Corficans,
and the averfion which the Algerines
fhewed to the invafion of that island
by France, [54, 55]-the affurances
given to foreign ftates, that all con-
tracts and engagements between
France and them fhall be faithfully ac-
quitted, and that necessary funds fhould
be appropriated to this purpofe, [78]
emits bills of exchange to the value
of 2,000,000 of livres to Holland, de-
ftined to fulfil the engagements con-
tracted by the fieur de Balue, the
king's banker, [89]-the first inter-
view which his majetty and the dau
phin had with the young dauphines
at the bridge of Berne, in the foreft of
Compeigne, May the 13th, 1770,
[105] the nuptials of the dauphin
and dauphinefs, on the 16th of May,
1770, and the polite and elegant com-
pliment paid by the count de Noailles,
plenipotentiary commiffary from the
kiag of France, when he received the
dauphinefs from the hands of his ex-
cellency the prince de Stahrenberg,
plenipotentiary from the emprefs queen,
[107]the prefents of jewels made
to the dauphinefs upon her marriage
were faid to exceed in value 130,000l.
fterling, [110]-the generous act of
benevolence done by the fix companies
of merchants at Paris, in honour of
the nuptials of the dauphin, [110]-
the exhibition of the grandeft fire-
works ever known in Paris, in honour
of the dauphin's marriage, the fatal
accidents which happened on this oc-
cafion, end the very laudable huma-
nity of the new-married pair, in their
compaffion to the diftreffed, [113,
114-a particular account of the visit
paid by the dauphinefs, the third day
after her marriage, to the princess
Louifa (aunt to the dauphin), who
has retired into the Carmelite nunnery
of St. Dennis, [115]-the prefent her
royal highness made to the dauphiness, ̈
a crucifix of gold fet with diamonds,
which formerly belonged to the queen
her mother, and was the only thing
of value fhe had left; in the room of
which the immediately hung a crucifix
made of box-wood to her own breast,
[115]-the univerfal admiration which
the dauphinefs gained by her pleafing
behaviour and extraordinary affabi-
lity; with a particular account of the
offence given to many of the principal
nobility at the ball paré, on the 19th
of May, by the precedency given to
mademoiselle de Lorraine, and the cir-
cular letter which his majefty wrote to
the principal nobility on that occasion,
[123, 124]-the remarkable anfwer of
the duke of Orleans, and the reply of
the prince de Conti, when his majesty
caufed his letters patent to be regif-
tered at Versailles, the 27th of
June, 1770, [126, 127]-the banish-
ment of the countefs de Gramont
from the court of Verfailles, on ac-
count of fome improper behaviour to
the countess de Barré, [133]—infur-
rection on account of the dearness of
bread, [33]-fome manifeft proofs of
the general increase of agriculture in
this country from 1764 to 1770, [173,
174] The parliament of Paris was
diffolved, new tribunals were erected,
and other parliaments were fuppreffed
in 1771, xiv. [91*. 93*.fome re-
flections on the great reduction that
was made in the land forces in this
year, and on the ftate of Corfica as
fubject to this kingdom, [93, 94*]
-the first account received of the fet-
tlement and fortification of the whole
eastern coat of Madagascar made by
the French, [88]-the ftate of the
difputes between the king and the
princes of the blood, [92]-the safe
arrival of the countefs de Provence,
and the illuminations, &c. on account
of her marriage to the comte de Pro-
vence, on May the 14th, 1771, [109]
-the frequency of lettres de cachet
in 1771, [112]-the lofs fuftained in
a bloody engagement with the Corfi-
cans, 128, 129]-the great diftreffes
at Chalons in Champaigne from the
dearth which prevailed there, [134]-
the declaration iffued in favour of the
ecclefiaftics in 1771, [134]—an ac-
count of the edict impofing an addi-
tional tax of twenty fols on the head
of every hog or fow brought into Pa-
ris, for the confumption of the inha-
bitants, and the wit and mirth it gave
rife to, [136]-the economical re-
forms which took place in the military
in 1771, [137]—fome account of the
madame Louifa of France taking the
veil of profeffions at the convent of
the Carmelites of St. Dennis, on the
1st of October, 1771, [151]-the ex-
traordinary phænomenon of the inun-
dation which happened September the
16th, 1771, in the city of Aix in Pro-
Vence, [151] The part which this
country took in fupporting the confe-
derates in Poland with men and money,
and the manner in which this country
may be affected by the dismemberment
of Poland, xv. [5, 6]-the reconcilia-
tion which took place between his most
Christian majefty and the princes of
the blood, and the termination of the
disputes between the king and his par-
liaments in 1772, [79]-the arret of
the French king for the payment of all
the Canada bills, the property of Bri-
tifa fubjects, which was tranfinitted to
England in March 1772, [81]-The
umbrage taken by this court at the
deftruction of their Levant trade by
the Ruffians, with great naval prepa-
rations made in their ports to oppose
the naval expeditions of the Rulians
in the Mediterranean, and the two
principal caufes which prevented their
operations, xvi. [4. 51, 52.]—the tu-
mults and infurrections in different
parts on account of the dearness of
bread in 1773, [115]--the conclufion
of a convention, July 28th, 1773,
with the ftates-general for recipro-
cally exempting the fubjects of both
kingdoms from the droit d'aubaine,
[137]-Changes in the miniftry on the
acceflion of Louis XVI. in 1774, and
the restoration of the ancient parlia
ment of Paris under certain reftric-
tions, xvii. [28. 33]-the dreadful fire
which destroyed two hundred and fe-
venty houses, with all the furniture,
&c. at the village of Monneftiere,
near Briançon, [115]-the princes and
princeffes of the blood pay their ho-
mages to the king Louis XVI. and to
the queen, with fome account of the
prefent royal family in France, [121]
-an account of the memorial circu-
lated throughout the ports of this
country, in order to discountenance
every fpecies of illicit commerce be-
tween the fubje&ts of France and thofe
of his Britannic majesty in America,
[164]the re-establishments of the
parliaments, which took place Novem-
ber the 14th, 1774, [164]-The un-
common distresses of the people, ow-
ing to the scarcity and dearness of
corn, during a great part of the spring
and fummer in 1775; the tumults
which happened in various parts of
the kingdom, and the reafons for
thinking that these tumults arose not
only from a dearth of provifions, but
from the violence of party and oppofi-
tion to government, and the methods
taken to fupprefs these commotions,
xviii. [148. 150*]-an account of
the coronation of the king Louis XVI.
at Rheims, June the 11th, 1775, [151*]
-the ufual punishment of death in-
flicted upon deferters was changed in
1775 to an order for all future detert-
ers to work as flaves on the public
roads, [84]-the remarkable contest
between his majesty and the marquis
de Brunois, relative to the right claim-
ed by the latter of not difpofing of
his propy, in oppofition to the will
of the king, and his intention to try
this right in the courts of judicature
in this kingdom, [89]-orders were
given in 1775, to prohibit all trade
with the British colonies in North Ame-
rica, [107]he tumultuous proceed-
ings of the inhabitants in various pro-
vinces in 1775, [108. 179]-he ge-
nerous vote of 20,000,000 jivres made
by the clergy to his majesty in 1775,
[142]he manner in which the king
put an end to the difputes between the
crown and the parliaments in 1775,
[179, 180]-many reformations made
in the military department, particularly
in fuppreffing the Moufquetaires,
which were entirely compofed of fome
of the bett families in France, [188]—
The apparent friendship which this
court fhewed to the Americans, by
opening her ports to their fhips, and
treating them in every refpect as an
independent people; with fome ac-
count of the military preparations
which rook place here in 1776, xix.
[182, 183*-the sport of horse-rac-
ing (not without a little mixture of
gambling) gained ground very much
in this country in 1776, [131]-the
eftablishment of a confiderable com-
mercial company, which, according to
the opinion of the French, was an im-
provement of the plan of the bank of
England,[131]-16,000,000 of livres,
or 700,000l. fterling, was granted to
his moft Chriftian majetty, as a free
gift from the clergy in 1776, [136]—
curious particulars relating to the re-
markable rights of registering the
royal edicts to render them valid, and
remonftrating against them, peculiar
to their parliaments or courts of juf-
tice, 33, 34.-Some account of the
vifit paid to this court by the em-
peror of Germany, xx. [187*, 188*]
-fome account of the new loan of
26,000,000 livres raised by the go-
vernment in 1777, and the propor-
tion which the states of Languedoc
and Burgundy contributed towards
it, [170]-orders given in March
1777, for constructing two citadals at
Cherburgh, which when built, will
make it one of the best ports in France,
[176]-borrows of the republic of
Genoa the fum of ten millions, at a
low intereft, [188]-on the first of
July, 1777, the duke of Aubigny, peer
of France, duke of Richmond in Eng-
land, and of Lenox in Scotland, had
the honour to return thanks to the king
of France, for his peerage being re-
giftered in parliament, [192]—the state
of their colonies in the West Indies,
as appeared from a furvey in 1776,
made by the order of the king, and
laid before the fupreme council at
Paris, which is established for the im-
provement of the French West India
fettlements, [201]-The reafons which
prevented this kingdom from declaring
openly in fupport of the Americans
during the courfe of the year 1777,
xxi. [37, 38]-fends to the Congress
by the hands of Mr. Silas Deane, (who
was deputed by the Congrefs to go to
the Court of France) a ratification of
the two treaties of alliance and of com-
merce, which had been concluded be-
tween France and the United States,
[217]-the arrival of the fleet they
fent to America in 1778, and the pro-
ceedings of this fleet, till it was fo
ftrongly fecured in Nantasket road, in
the Bay of Bofton, as to render an at-
tack by the British fleet, which follow-
ed it to Bofton, impracticable, [227*.
236*]—a general embargo laid on all
fhipping in the ports of this country in
March 1778, [172]-the deputies
from the United States were presented
to the king March the 20th, on which
day the ambaffador at London quitted
that court, [172, 173]-a dangerous
rencounter between the count d'Ar-
tois and the duke of Bourbon, [173,
174]-the ftate of the Toulon fleet
under count d'Estaign designed to fail
to America, [182]-copy of a letter
from the king to count d'Orvilliers,
after his engagement with the British
fleet on July 27th, 1778, [198]
-the lofs of the Weft Indiamen,
taken by the English, fince the com-
mencement of the prefent difputes,
was computed in October 1778 at
600,000l. sterling, [207]-The state of
the French and English fleets, and the
partial engagements between fome fri-
grates and small hips, previous to the
general action between the whole fleets
on July the 27th, 1778, with an ac-
count of the engagement on that day,
and fome events which happened im-
mediately after the engagement, xxii.
[59. 74]-The wife methods pursued
by the king in drawing from neglect
and obfcurity men without intrigue,
who were rendered refpectable to the
public, by a general opinion of their
probity, and placing them in the prin
cipal offices of itate; among these must
be reckoned Maurepas, St. Germain,
M. de Sartine, and monfieur Necker,
xxiii. [10, 11]-fuccefsful expedition
to the coaft of Africa in the months
of January and February 1779, when
they abandoned the island of Goree,
feized upon the British forts, fettle-
ments, factories, and property at Se-
negal, which they strengthened with a
powerful garrifon and artillery, [11]
an ineffectual attempt made upon
the island of Jersey, in the fummer of
1779, which defign was projected by
a prince or count of Naffau; the
ftrength of the force employed on this
service; and the confequences which
the defcent upon this island produced
with respect to the American war, in
retarding the British fleet under ad-
miral Arbuthnot, which was ordered
to proceed to New York, [11. 13]—
the threat of an invafion of Great Bri-
tain, Ireland, or both, which seemed at
that time, and during great part of the
fummer, to be in the immediate con-
templation of this court, and the great
preparations apparently for that pur-
pofe, [13]-the French fleet, confift-
ing of about twenty-eight fail of the
line, fails from Breit in the month of
June; proceeds to the coafts of Spain;
forms a junction with the Spanish
fleet; and with this combined force
enters the British Channel, and ap-
pears before Plymouth in the month of
Auguft; but being fenfible of the
danger, particularly at that feafon of
the year, with other unfavourable cir-
cumstances attending the fleet, their
commanders thought it neceffary pretty
early in September totally to abandon
the British coaft, and repair to Brest for
the affiftances they wanted, [13. 15]
the avowed motive which this court
published in the manifefto it iffued, for
entering into the war with England,
and engaging the Spanish court to arin
against England, [18]-th: memo-
rable edict paffed Auguft the 25th, 1780, by his majefty, of his own proper motion, for abolishing" la quef
tion preliminaire," (the torture) which according to a barbarous cuftom, preserved fince the ages of ignorance, criminals were put to, a moment before their execution, [225]-For earthquakes, ftorms, hurricanes, and natural phenomena, in this country,
fee NATURAL HISTORY. Franckfort on the Maine, the treacherous encroachments on the privileges of this city (a free imperial city) by the French army, in 1759, and the refentment fhewn by the imperial court on that occafion, ii. 67-The coronation of the archduke Jofeph, as king of the Romans in 1764, vii. [62, 63]—The religious toleration of the reformed religion granted in 1764, [77]-See also NATURAL HISTORY. Francfort on the Oder, feized by the Ruffians, ii. 24.
Francis I. Emp. of Germany, an account of the proceedings on his death and burial, viii. [123. 139]
François, Cape, English veffels feized in, and perfons imprifoned at, ix. [54. 62, 63]
Franconia, ftate of the war in, ii. 10. v. [53]
Freyberg, the Auftrians defeated at this place, with great lofs of prifoners, cannon, and ftandards, by the Pruffians, who having obtained a most complete victory, ravaged the empire without oppofition; v. [52. 53]-A remarkable proclamation published by the Pruffian governor at this place, [110, 111]-The dreadful fire in July 1764, vii, [89]
Fritzlar, an account of the repulfe the hereditary prince of Brunswick met with at this place, and his fuccessful fiege of this place afterwards, and the advantages in confequence of it to the allied army, iv. [9, 10]
Fontenac fort, the importance of this place confidered, and its conqueft by the English, without any lofs, in 1758,
Fulda, the very memorable defeat of
the duke of Wurtemburgh and his troops at this place, where they were enjoying themselves in full fecurity, till they were furprifed and defeated by the hereditary prince of Brunfwick, and the advantages which the Pruffian affairs derived from it, ii. 49, 50— this place (in 1760) laid under a heavy
contribution by the hereditary prince of Brunswick, iii. [20] Fundy, the bay of, encouragement given by the governor of Halifax, in Nova Scotia, to people and cultivate the lands vacated by the French in 1758, ii. 53.
ENEVA rejects the conciliating treaty propofed by Francé, upon which the French ambaffador threatens to break off all connexions with the republic, to prohibit their carrying on any commerce with France, and to arrest the perfons of any belonging to the republic, who fhall be feen in any of the dominions of Francè, ix. [155. 158, 159]-The fair profpect that appeared in 1768, that the troubles which have almott ruined the republic were in a ftate likely to be terminated, xi. [81] -The difcovery and fuppreffion of a very dangerous confpiracy and fedition in February 1770, xiii. [77]
Genoa, military and hoftile operations against Corfica in 1758, i. 111-And in 1759, ii. 81-And in 1760, iii. [97, 98]-war breaks out, May 20th, 1760, between the two countries, [111] -Vigorous measures purfued by the mal-contents in Corfica in 1761, who reject the Genoese manifefto offering a general pardon to the revolters, infult the Genoefe mediators, and increase their naval armament against the power of this country, iv. [91. 143, 144]— fome account of the military and naval preparations in 1761, against the malcontents, [153]-The infufficiency of the methods used to ftop the progress of the mal-contents, in their endeavours to obtain an established commonwealth, vi. [48, 49]-The nature and fubftance of the treaty which was concluded between France and this republic, relative to the island of Corfica, after the republic was no longer able to cope with the Corfican mal-contents by fea or land; which treaty was figned Auguft 7th, 1764, and was to continue in force four years, vii. [101]-Some reafons affigned for France fupplying this republic with troops in Corfica, viii. [4]monfieur Francis Maria Rovere chofen Doge, [60]-The money expended in fruitless endeavours to fubdue Corfica, amounted in August 1767, to the fum of nine millions iterling, x.[123]-The nature of the treaty by which this republic ceded the island
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