people, who has manifested the desire of protecting the true Frenchmen against the anarchists who wish to ruin them:

Declare to Admiral Hood,

I. That the unanimous with of the inhabitants of Toulon, is to reject a consti tution which does not promote their happiness, to adopt a Monarchic Government such as it was originally by the Constituent Assembly of 1789; and in consequence, they have proclaimed Louis XVII. son to Louis XVI. KING, and have sworn to acknowledge him, and no longer suffer the despotism of the tyrants which at this time govern France.

II. That the white flag fhall be hoisted the instant the English squadron anchors in the road of Toulon, and it will there meet the most friendly reception.

III. That the fhips of war now in the road will be disarmed, according to Admiral Hood's wifhes.

IV. That the citadel and the forts of the coast fhall be provisionally at the disposal of the said admiral; but for the better establishing the union which ought to exist between the two people, it is requested that the garrison fhall be composed of an equal number of French and English, and that nevertheless the command thali devolve to the English.

V. The people of Toulon trust the English nation will furnith speedily a force sufficient to afsist in repelling the attacks with which they are at this moment threatened by the army of Italy, which marches towards Toulon, and by that of General CARTEAU, who directs his forces against Marfeilles.

VI That the people of Toulon, full of confidence in the generous offers of Admiral Hood, trust that all those who held civil and military employments shall be continued in their places, and fhall not be annoyed in their respective occupations.

VII. That the subsistence and succours of every kind, of which Toulon stands so much in need, will be afsured to the inhabitants by the combined fleet of the powers coalesced.

VIII. That when peace will have been re-established in France, the fhips and forts which fhall be put into the hands of the English fhall be restored to the French nation, in the same state they were in when the inventory was delivered.

It is according to this declaration, if approved by Admiral Hood, that the Toulonese will regard themselves, with good heart and will, as belonging to the English and the other powers coalesced, and by whose succour will be brought about that peace after which they have panted so long.

(Signed)

BEAUDEAL, President, and 28 of the principal inhabitants.

Lord Hood was put into possession of the town on the 28 Aug. when he immediarely delivered the following proclamation.

PROCLAMATION

By the right hon. SAMUEL LORD HOOD, vice admiral of the red, and commander in chief of his Britannic Majesty's squadron in the Mediterranean, &c. &c.

Whereas the sections of Toulon have, by their commifsioners to me, made a solemn declaration in favour of monarchy, have proclaimed Louis XVII. son of the late Louis xvi. their lawful king, and have sworn to acknowledge him, and no longer suffer the despotism of the tyrants which at this time govern France, but will do their utmost to establish monarchy, as accepted by their late sovereign in 1789, and restore peace to their distracted and calamitous country.

I do hereby repeat, what I have already de lared to the people of the South of France, that I take pofsefsion of Toulon, and hold it in trust only for Louis XVII. until peace fhall be re-established in France, which I hope and trust will be soon.

(Signed)

Given on Board his Britannic Majesty's fhip Victory off Toulon, the 28th of August 1793o HOOD. A memorial has been presented to the court of Sweden, by Mr Keene, ambassador from the court of Great Britain, desiring that Sweden will not permit any British ships that may be captured and brought into the Swedish ports to be sold, but that it would give orders to release the fhips, cargoes, and crews; and that the enemy's fhips may not be permitted to remain in the Swedish harbours. The duke regent has complied with this request; afsuring his Britannic majesty that the most vigorous orders will be given for that purpose, still farther to cement the harmony betwixt the two courts, so advantageous to both..

POSTSCRIPT.

Edinburgh Sept. 24th, by the last accounts from the combined army, our fears for the safety of the troops under the command of the duke of York, are in a great measure removed. It now seems to be pretty certain that he has advanced towards Men:n to form a junction with Beaulieu,-that these two generals had attacked the French there, and obliged them to retire; and that in several other places, the French parties had been beat back with considerable lofs; and every thing resumed its wonted appearance in that army.

Letters are in town also, specifying that General Carteau had advanced towards Toulon, with a view to attack it; and for that purpose had occupied some of the adjacent heights, and begun to fortify them,-that captain Elphingston had made a sally with the troops under his command, consisting of British, Spanish, and French, and had beat back Carteau with the lofs of all his artillery, &c. But this news is not so well authenticated as to be considered as certain.

It now appears, that the fleet which, in the channel, had been mistaken, by the cautious Howe, for the Brest squadron, was only a Dutch, fleet of merchantmen under convoy of some fhips of war. Whether this phantom being vanished, lord Howe will think it prudent to slip his spring cables and put to sea, or if he will be detained there by another phantom of the same kind, it is not easy to say.

So far is the French squadron at Brest from being dreaded, that it would seem probable they are now planning a revolution of the same kind with that of Toulon. An emigrant who made his escape in a boat from Brittanny, says, that when he left that place dissention prevailed so much in Brest, that a great part of the sailors refused to act; and that a vefsel bearing a flag of truce had been sent off from that harbour before he left it, but what the intention of it was, he could not with certainty say. It is probably this cir cumstance which has given rise to the report which has prevalled in London, for some days past, that proposals had been received by lord Howe, from the people of Brest, of the same tendency with the overtures from Toulon to lord Hood; but that lord Howe, from the superabundance of his cau tion had thought it necessary to receive instructions from London before he could venture to determine how he should act on this singularly difficult and critical occasion. All this wants confirmation. But the reports respec ting Brest in the national convention, give some countenance to the story. There also it has been stated that the insurgents in Vendèe instead of being beaten, continue to wax stronger and stronger every day.

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WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 16.

FOREIGN.

Retrospective view of the progrefs of the allied armies, &c.

HEN the Duke of Brunswick invaded France, it seems to have been the decided opinion of the allied powers, that nothing more was wanted for establishing royalty in France than to bring together an armed force that might serve as a rallying point to give countenance to the Royalists, who they imagined would rise in great bodies, and effect a revolution without trouble or much bloodshed. But if such were their expectations, the event fhowed they were miserably deceived; and indeed the measures adopted by the Duke were the best calculated to throw bars in his way, that could have been conceived. The manifestos he published were so insulting, and so utterly the reverse of being conciliatory, that they rather served to unite than to disjoin the party he opposed; and by impressing the favourers of the royal cause with a mean opinion of those who pretended to support it, deterred them from declaring their sentiments, or coming forward in his support, lest they should be abandoned to their fate by the capriciousness of men who seemed to be so little capable of judging rightly, or of acting steadily in their support.

The event showed that they judged rightly in this respect; and the con. duct of the allies to Fayette completely annihilated every expectation they could have formed from that quarter.

These events, with the gasconading manifesto published by the Duke at the moment he found himself obliged, from sickness and want of provisions, to make a precipitate retreat before an army led on by an active general, who knew that nothing could save him from destruction but succefs at that moment, completely removed any remains of confidence in the allied powers, that had been suffered to exist till that period. Every person who seemed to be within the reach of danger made haste to abandon a cause that was suppor ted by men who seemed to be so little capable of affording them protection. In consequence of this, the secret abettors of royalty were eager to come forward in support of the Republican cause, in order to remove suspicions that they thought must prove destructive to them; and all who were unfixed in their principles were induced to espouse the democratical cause, and heartily to co-operate in its support. By these, means Dumourier was enabled to make a winter campaign, which, for brilliancy of succefs, was unequalled in the annals of past times. In a few months he over-ran the VOL, XVII.

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whole of the Netherlands; invaded Germany; got the command of the Scheldt and the Rhine; and making the most vigorous exertions to enter Hølland, properly so called, he boasted that even Britain and the most remote parts of Europe should be subjected, and that nothing should stop the progrefs of the French arms, but the total annihilation of royalty every where. To give some appearances of reality to these threats, Savoy was invaded, and part of its territories annexed to the dominions of France. Switserland, Spain, Naples, were threatened and overawed; and the pontiff of Rome himself insulted in his own palace. Such succefses intoxicated the people; and the national convention seeming to believe that nothing was impossible for them to accomplish, made a decree, offering fraternity and support to those persons of all nations who should attempt to overturn royalty, and establish republicanism in its stead.

During this paroxysm of republican ardour, they judged it proper, as an example for all nations, to bring their own king to the block, after a trial, which, from the singularity of the circumstances attending it, not lefs than the rules of jurisprudence there, practically avowed, has no parallel in history.

By these violent proceedings, Holland, Britain, Spain, Portugal, and Sardinia, were driven to join the alliance that had been before entered into be tween Austria and Prussia, to reprefs the power of France. By a vigorous and joint exertion, the arms of France received a decisive check at one moment, through every point along the utmost extent of their whole conquest in the north. In one week they were repulsed in almost every place; and' with a rapidity still greater than their conquests had been made, they were driven from every one of their new conquests, Mentz alone excepted, and confined once more to the limits of their own proper territories on that side.

During the short space the French had been in possession of these new conquests, the people there had had time to appreciate the value of that new kind of government they wished to establish in place of all others, and wère in general so much disgusted with it, that they were still more unanimous in concurring with the allies to expel the French from their territories, than they had lately been to invite them thither, which greatly facilitated the operations of the campaign at this period. But when the allies came in their turn to invade the territories of France, these considerations no longer operated in the same manner, but in their stead, other considerations began to operate on men's minds, which produced a resistance that retarded the rapidity of their conquests in a considerable degree.

So long as the allies were only re-conquering their own provinces, few sober minded men, even in France, could view their exertions as iniquitous, or entertain a well founded jealousy of their designs; but the moment they invaded the territories of France, the case was changed. It is well known that the amor patrie, iufluences mankind in a very strong degree, so that however much individuals may differ in, lefser points, they

generally feel their minds so much irritated against any power that makes a direct attack upon the territories of their native country, that the first impulse they feel is an indignant desire to oppose them; nothing therefore tends so much to allay civil discords as such an attack, nor can any other means be devised equally powerful to unite different parties in a state where discord begins to prevail. The allies seem either not to have adverted to this human propensity, or they have believed themselves so powerful as to think that they might with safety disregard it. Instead of endea vouring to conciliate the good will of such persons in France as might be seriously anxious for the restoration of peace and good order in that distracted country, their conduct has been such as to give them reason to dread that the chief object these allies had in view, was a dismemberment of the king" dom, by obtaining such a footing in it as might put it in their power at any future period to subject the people of France to whatever regulations they fhould please to dictate; and the dismemberment of Poland affords at present but too striking an example of the use that may be expected to be made of such a power. That such considerations have occurred to sensible men in France there can be no doubt; and there can be as little doubt that this has produced an ardour and unanimity in opposing the allies, that never would have been experienced had no such jealousy against their views existed-Whether such a jealousy has entered into the mind of such of the allies as can han have no interest in the dismemberment of France, so as to cool their exertions in the cause, we have no authority as yet to say. But it is so natural to expect it fhould, that we can scarcely suppose it can have been entirely overlooked. It is not at all improbable, but the capture of Dunkirk was held out to Britain as a bait to keep her quiet in the mean time. The failure of that enterprise has occasioned an indignation, which among a high spirited people, may produce a temporary spurt that may keep the other object out of view for some time.

That the views of Austria and Prussia with regard to conquests in France, are such as they do not dare to avow even to their allies, seems scarcely to admit of a doubt, otherways their proceedings have been such as to contradict all the dictates of prudence and of common sense. Had they had no sinister object in view, would they not have made a clear and unequivocal declaration at the first, before they set a foot upon the territories of France, specifying, in the most direct terms, the precise object they had in view, and in a candid and open manner inviting all honest Frenchmen to unite in freeing their country from that opprefsive despotism which now threatens to destroy it; reqesting them to make haste in establishing such a government as should be calculated to preserve the person of individuals from danger, and their property from insult; declaring at the same time that they had no other object in view than to contribute to the establishment of such a government as should seem to be calculated to preserve the internal tranquillity of the kingdom, and to give to foreign states such a reasonable security