History of Europe During the Middle Ages, Tập 4Colonial Press, 1899 |
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afterwards ancient appears army Austria authority barons battle became bishops castles Catholic character Charlemagne Charles Charles the Bold Charles VII charter chief chivalry church cities citizens civil clergy commerce common conquest council court crown death Died Du Cange Duke of Burgundy Duke of Guise Edward Edward III Emperor empire enemies England English Europe favor Ferdinand feudal fifteenth century Flanders fourteenth century French gave Germany Greek Henry III Hist honor Italian Italy jurisdiction King of France king's kingdom knights land language Latin latter learning literature Lord Louis XIV ment middle ages Muratori Naples nations nobility nobles Paris parliament Paulicians perhaps period Petrarch Philip poetry political Pope Prince principal privileges probably Protestants provinces Prussia religious Richelieu Roman Rymer says seems sovereign Spain Spaniards Spanish spirit statute tenants thirteenth tion Tiraboschi took towns Turks tury twelfth century Venice VIII villein writers
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Trang 164 - ... by the law of the land ; it is accorded, assented, and established, that from henceforth none shall be taken by petition or suggestion made to our lord the king, or to his council, unless it be by indictment or presentment of good and lawful people of the same neighbourhood...
Trang 83 - I should find it difficult to resist the conclusion, that however the labourer has derived benefit from the cheapness of manufactured commodities, and from many inventions of common utility, he is much inferior in ability to support a family, to his ancestors three or four centuries ago.
Trang 25 - He is a good Christian, says Eligius, a saint of the seventh century, who comes frequently to church ; who presents an oblation that it may be offered to God on the altar, who does not taste the fruits of his land till he has consecrated a part of them to God ; who can repeat the Creed or the Lord's Prayer.
Trang 70 - ... far less would this luxurious generation be content with their internal accommodations. A gentleman's house containing three or four beds was extraordinarily well provided; few probably had more than two. The walls were commonly bare, without wainscot, or even plaster, except that some great houses were furnished with hangings, and that, perhaps, hardly so soon as the reign of Edward IV.
Trang 12 - Rome itself who knew the first elements of letters. Not one priest of a thousand in Spain, about the age of Charlemagne, could address a common letter of salutation to another. In England, Alfred declares that he could not recollect a single priest south of the Thames, (the most...
Trang 71 - ... century of continual improvement — we shall be astonished at the inferior provision of the baronial residence. There were not more than seven or eight beds in this great castle, nor had any of the chambers either chairs, glasses or carpets. It is in this sense, probably, that we must understand...
Trang 83 - ... or friendship. Next, therefore, or even equal, to devotion stood gallantry among the principles of knighthood, but all comparison between the two was saved by blending them together. The love of God and the ladies was enjoined as a single duty.
Trang 69 - Denis, with windows, not only glazed but painted ; and I presume that other churches of the same class, both in France and England, especially after the lancetshaped window had yielded to one of ampler dimensions, were generally decorated in a similar manner. Yet glass is said not to have been employed in the domestic architecture of France before the fourteenth century ; and its introduction into England was probably by no means earlier.
Trang 26 - With such a definition of the Christian character, it is not surprising that any fraud and injustice became honorable when it contributed to the riches of the clergy and glory of their order.
Trang 32 - This excessive passion for the sports of the field produced those evils which are apt to result from it — a strenuous idleness which disdained all useful occupations, and an oppressive spirit towards the peasantry. The devastation committed under the pretence of destroying wild animals, which had been already protected in their depredations, is noticed in serious...