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surrection of the people of the Faubourgs, who traversed the garden of the Tuileries, and forced the palace. There were but 6,000 men; a mere disorderly mob, whose language and dress proved them to belong to the very lowest class of society.

In 1793, Napoleon was in Corsica, where he had a command in the National Guards. He opposed Paoli, as soon as he was led to suspect that the veteran, to whom he had hitherto been so much attach ed, entertained the design of giving up the island to the English. Therefore it is not true, as has

been generally reported, that Na poleon, or some of his family, were at one time in England, proposing to raise a Corsican regiment for the English service.

The English and Paoli subdued the Corsican patriots, and burnt Ajaccio. The house of the Bonapartes was destroyed in the general conflagration, and the family were obliged to fly to the continent. They fixed their abode at Marseilles, whence Napoleon proceeded to Paris. He arrived just at the moment, when the federalists of Marseilles had surrendered Toulon to the English.

ANECDOTES of JOSEPHINE and of BONAPARTE'S Domestic Life.

[From the Same.]

"We lived together," said Bonaparte, speaking of Josephine, "like a private citizen and his wife. We were very affectionate and united, having, for a long period, occupied but one chamber and one bed. These are circumstances," said the emperor, "which exercise great influence over the happiness of a family, securing the reputation of the wife and the confidence of the husband, and preserving union and good conduct on both sides. A married couple," continued he, "may be said never to lose sight of one another, when they pass the night together; but otherwise they soon become estranged. Thus, as long as this practice was continued, none of my thoughts or actions escaped the notice of Josephine. She observed, seized and comprehended every thing. This circumstance was sometimes not altogether without its inconvenience to myself and to public affairs; but while we were at the camp of Boulogne, a moment of ill-humour put an end to

this state of things." Certain po litical events which had occurred at Vienna, together with the report of the coalition which took place in 1805, had occupied the attention of the first consul throughout the whole of the day, and a great part of the night. He retired to bed not in very good spirits, and he found Josephine in a violent rage at his long absence. Jealousy was the real or pretended cause of this ill-humour. Napoleon grew angry in his turn, threw off the yoke of subjection, and could never be brought to submit to it again. At the time of his second marriage, the emperor was fearful lest Maria Louisa, might exact similar obedience, for in that case he must have yielded. It is the true right and privilege of a wife, he ob

served.

"A son by Josephine," continued the emperor, " would have completed my happiness, "not only in a political point of view, but as a source of domestic felicity.

"As a political result, it would have secured to me the possession of the throne; the French people would have been as much attached to the son of Josephine as they were to the king of Rome; and I should not have set my foot on an abyss covered with a bed of flowers. But how vain are all human calculations! Who can pretend to decide on what may lead to happiness or unhappiness in this life! "Still I cannot help believing that such a pledge of our union, would have proved a source of domestic felicity; it would have put an end to the jealousy of Josephine, by which I was continually harassed, and which, after all, was the offspring of policy rather than of sentiment. Josephine despaired of having a child, and she, in consequence, looked forward with dread to the future. She was well aware, that no marriage is perfect without children; and at the period of her second nuptials, there was no longer any probability of her becoming a mother. In proportion as her fortune advanced, her alarm increased. She availed herself of every resource of medicine; and sometimes almost persuaded herself, that her remedies had proved successful. When at length she was compelled to renounce all hope, she suggested to her husband the expediency of resorting to a great political deception; and she even went so far as directly to propose the adoption of

such a measure.

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arrived. She was frequently known to direct her tradesmen to send in only half their accounts. Even at the island of Elba, Josephine's bills came pouring in upon me from all parts of Italy."

Some one who knew the empress Josephine at Martinique, communicated to the emperor many particulars relative to her family and her youthful days. During her childhood, it was several times predicted that she would wear a crown. Another circumstance no less curious and remarkable is, that the phial, containing the holy oil used at the coronation of the kings of France, is said to have been broken by Josephine's first husband, general Beauharnais, who, at a moment when the tide of popular favour was running against him, hoped by this means to re-establish his credit.

A thousand stories have been told and written respecting the marriage of Napoleon and Josephine. The campaigns of Italy explain the circumstance, that first brought about their acquaintance and their union. After Vendemiaire, Eugène, who was yet a child, presented himself to general Bonaparte, then general-in-chief of the army of the interior, to request that his father's sword might be restored to him. Lemarrois, one of Napoleon's aides-de-camp, introduced the boy, who, the moment he beheld his father's sword, burst into tears. The general-inchief was moved by this incident, and loaded the child with caresses. When Eugène described the ma ners of the young general to his mother, she lost no time in introducing herself to him. "It is well known," said the emperor, "that she put faith in presentiments and

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"Another peculiar shade in the character of Josephine," said the emperor, was her constant habit of negation. At all times, and whatever question I put to her, her first movement was negative, her first answer No; and this no," continued the emperor, "was not precisely a falsehood, but merely a precaution, or a defence."-"This," observed Madame Bertrand, " is a characteristic distinction between our sex and yours."-" But, after all, Madam," resumed the emperor, "this distinction arises only from the difference of education. You love, and you are taught to say no; we, on the contrary, take a pride in declaring that we love, whether we really do or not. This is the whole course of the opposite conduct of the two sexes. We are not, and never can be, similar.

"During the reign of terror," said the emperor, "Josephine was thrown into prison, while her husband perished on the scaffold. Her son Eugène was bound an apprentice to a joiner, which trade he actually learned. Hortense had no better prospects. She was, if I mistake not, sent to learn the business of a sempstress."

Fouché was the first who ventured to touch the fatal string of the imperial divorce. He took

upon himself, without any instructions, to advise Josephine to dissolve her marriage for the welfare of France. Napoleon, however, conceived, that the proper moment had not yet arrived. The step taken by Fouché, was a source of great vexation and trouble: it very much displeased the emperor; and if he did not dismiss Fouché, at the earnest solicitation of Josephine, it was because he had himself secretly determined on the divorce, and he did not wish, by thus punishing his minister, to give any check to public opinion on the subject.

However, as soon as the emperor shewed himself resolved on the divorce, Josephine consented to it. It cost her, it is true, a severe sacrifice; but she submitted without murmuring, and without attempting to avail herself of those obstacles, which she might, however uselessly, have opposed to the measure. She conducted herself with the utmost grace and address. She desired that the viceroy might conduct the proceedings, and she herself made offers of service with regard to the house of Austria.

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Josephine would willingly have seen Maria Louisa. She frequently spoke of her with great interest, as well as of the young king of Rome. Maria Louisa, on her part, behaved wonderfully well Eugène and Hortense; but she manifested the utmost dislike and even jealousy of Josephine. wished one day to take her to Malmaison," said the emperor; "but she burst into tears when I made the proposal. She said, she did not object to my visiting Josephine, only she did not wish to know it. But whenever she suspected my intention of going to Malmaison, there was no stratagem

which she did not employ for the sake of annoying me. She never left me; and as these visits seemed to vex her exceedingly, I did violence to my own feelings and scarcely ever went to Malmaison. Still, however, when I did happen to go, I was sure to encounter a flood of tears and a multitude of contrivances of every kind. Josephine always kept in view the example of the wife of Henry IV, who, as she observed, lived in Paris, visited the court, and attended the coronation after her divorce. But she remarked, that her own situation was still preferable, for she already had children of her own, and could not hope to have more."

Josephine possessed a perfect knowledge of all the different shades of the emperor's character, and she evinced the most exquisite tact in turning this knowledge to the best account. "For example," said the emperor, "she never solicited any favour for Eugène, or thanked me for any that I conferred on him. She never even showed any additional complaisance or assiduity at the moment when the greatest honours were lavished on him. Her grand aim was to prove that all this was my affair, and not her's, and that it tended to my advantage. Doubtless she entertained the idea that one day or other I would adopt Eugène as my suc

cessor."

The emperor said he was well convinced that he was the individual whom Josephine loved best in all the world; and he added with a smile, that he was sure she

would have relinquished any assignation to attend him. She never failed to accompany him on all his journies. Neither fatigue nor privation could deter her from following him; and she employed importunity and even artifice to gain her point. "If I stepped into my carriage at midnight, to set out on the longest journey, to my surprise I found Josephine already prepared, though I had had no idea of her accompanying me. 'But, I would say to her, 'You cannot possibly go, the journey is too long, and will be too fatiguing for you.'-' Not at all,' Josephine would reply. Besides, 'I must set out instantly.'-' Well, 'I am quite ready.'-' But you 'must take a great deal of luggage.' - Oh, no! every thing is packed up; and I was generally obliged to yield. In a word, Josephine rendered her husband happy, and constantly proved herself his sincerest friend. At all times and on all occasions she manifested the most perfect submission and devotedness; and thus I shall never cease to remember her with tenderness and gratitude.

"Josephine," continued the emperor, " ranked the qualities of submission, obedience and complaisance in her sex, on a level with political address; and she often condemned the conduct of her daughter Hortense and her relation Stephanie, who lived on very bad terms with their husbands, frequently indulging in caprice, and pretending to assert their independence."

1

DEFEAT of the SECTIONS of PARIS on the 13th of Vendemiaire.

(Dictated by Bonaparte to Las Cases.)

[From the Same.]

On the 25th of June, 1795, the Convention adopted the constitution, known under the title of the Constitution of the Year III. The government was intrusted to five persons, under the name of the Directory; the legislature, to two councils, called the Council of the Five Hundred, and the Council of the Ancients. This constitution was submitted to the acceptance of the people called together in primary assembly.

1

It was a prevalent opinion, that the fall of the constitution of 1794, was to be attributed to that law of the Constituent Assembly, which excluded its members from the legislature. The Convention did not fall'into the same error; it annexed two additional laws to the constitution, by which it prescribed that two-thirds of the new legislature should be composed of members of the Convention, and that the electoral assemblies of departments should, on this occasion, have to elect only one-third of the two councils. The Convention farther prescribed, that these two additional laws should be submitted to the acceptance of the people, as inseparable parts of the constitution.

The discontent was thenceforth general. The forty-eight Sections of Paris assembled, forming as many tribunes, to which the most violent orators immediately hastened: Laharpe, Serizi, Lacretelle the younger, Vaublanc, Regnault,

&c.

The national guard, too, consisting of upwards of forty thou

sand men, armed and clothed, shared fully in the exasperation of the Sections against the Convention; and the additional laws were rejected throughout Paris. The Sections appeared, one after another, at the bar of the Convention, and there warmly declared their sentiments. The Convention, however, still believed that all this agitation would subside, as soon as the provinces should have manifested their opinion by accepting the constitution and the additional laws. It thought this commotion in the capital was like those riots so common in London, and of which instances often happened at Rome at the time of the Comitia. It proclaimed, on the 28th of September, the acceptance of the constitution and additional laws by the majority of the primary assemblies; but on the following day the Sections of Paris appointed deputies to form a central assembly of electors, which met at the Odeon.

The Convention annulled the assembly of the Odeon, declared it illegal, and ordered its committees to dissolve it by force. On the 10th of Vendemiaire the armed power proceeded to the Odeon, and executed this order. The people, collected in the place de l'Odeon, uttered some murmurs, and indulged in some railing, but offered no resistance.

The decree of the Convention for shutting up the Odeon excited the indignation of all the Sections. That of Lepelletier, of which the central place was the convent of

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