A History of Western Civilization ... |
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Nearly all of the western episcopates were independent of Rome . In Spain , where there was a strong ecclesiastical centralization , the episcopate grouped itself around the Visigothic king and the metropolitan of Toledo .
Nearly all of the western episcopates were independent of Rome . In Spain , where there was a strong ecclesiastical centralization , the episcopate grouped itself around the Visigothic king and the metropolitan of Toledo .
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During the regency of his pious but incapable mother ( 1056-1072 ) the great nobles became almost independent and governed their territories as they liked . Under the influence of Hildebrand , who had become pope as Gregory VII ...
During the regency of his pious but incapable mother ( 1056-1072 ) the great nobles became almost independent and governed their territories as they liked . Under the influence of Hildebrand , who had become pope as Gregory VII ...
Trang 462
The Venetians ' confidence in their own power was shown in the independent attitude that they assumed both to the Empire and the papacy . Although religion was highly respected , the fact that it was not influential in politics is shown ...
The Venetians ' confidence in their own power was shown in the independent attitude that they assumed both to the Empire and the papacy . Although religion was highly respected , the fact that it was not influential in politics is shown ...
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GROWTH OF IDEALS OF LIBERTY | 1 |
Cleisthenes | 23 |
The Peloponnesian | 35 |
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administration ancient Arabic army attempt authority barbarian became began bishops brought Byzantine caused central Chapters Christian Church civilization common continued court crusades culture decline early East eastern economic effect elected emperor England English established Europe European existence fact feudal finally followed forced formed fourteenth France French gave German gradually greatest Greek growth hands hundred ideas imperial important increased independent influence interest Italian Italy king kingdom known land later Latin learning literature lived lord mediaeval Middle Ages military natural nobility nobles organization papacy peace period Persian political pope practice religion religious result Roman Empire Rome royal rule showed social Spain struggle successful theory third thirteenth century tion took towns trade twelfth universal West western western Europe