A History of Western Civilization ...Prentice-Hall, Incorporated, 1939 |
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Trang 179
... bishops ( lit- erally , ' overseers ' ) . By the beginning of the second century , especially in Asia Minor , the wide variety of duties made necessary by the re- ligious and extensive charitable work of the Church had caused the ...
... bishops ( lit- erally , ' overseers ' ) . By the beginning of the second century , especially in Asia Minor , the wide variety of duties made necessary by the re- ligious and extensive charitable work of the Church had caused the ...
Trang 182
... bishops of special dignity were called patriarchs , but later the term was used to denote the office of bishops who ruled over metropolitans . The bishops who were thus recog- nized as having supreme jurisdiction over the largest units ...
... bishops of special dignity were called patriarchs , but later the term was used to denote the office of bishops who ruled over metropolitans . The bishops who were thus recog- nized as having supreme jurisdiction over the largest units ...
Trang 327
... bishops and abbots large estates which were to be held in feudal tenure . Thus , bishops controlled vast territories , for much of which they owed an oath of fealty to the king . The kings were moved by the determination to put the land ...
... bishops and abbots large estates which were to be held in feudal tenure . Thus , bishops controlled vast territories , for much of which they owed an oath of fealty to the king . The kings were moved by the determination to put the land ...
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Achaean league administration agricultural ancient Arabic army Asia Minor Athens authority barbarian became began bishop of Rome bishops Byzantine Byzantine Empire century B.C. Christian Church civilization clergy commerce conquest Constantinople crusades culture decline early East eastern economic Egypt elected emperor England English feudal fifteenth century fifth century forced formed fourteenth century France French Gaul German gradually greatest Greece Greek growth guilds Hellenic Hellenistic ideas imperial important influence Italian Italy Justinian king kingdom land later Latin literature lord Macedon manorial mediaeval mediaeval period Mediterranean ment Middle Ages military modern Mohammedan nobility nobles organization Ostrogoths papacy papal peace Persian philosophy political pope reform reign religion religious Renaissance result Roman Empire Roman law Rome royal rule second century senate serfs Sicily social Spain struggle theory thirteenth century tion towns trade tury twelfth century Visigoths West western Europe