A History of Western Civilization ...Prentice-Hall, Incorporated, 1939 |
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Trang 211
... became the rule . By gradual stages the villas became castles , and natural leaders turned from culture to war . The government of the provinces became weak . Roads became unsafe , and economic conditions were so desperate that all who ...
... became the rule . By gradual stages the villas became castles , and natural leaders turned from culture to war . The government of the provinces became weak . Roads became unsafe , and economic conditions were so desperate that all who ...
Trang 280
... became almost independent and governed their territories as they liked . Under the influence of Hildebrand , who had become pope as Gregory VII , the German bishops and the papacy became practically independent of the emperor . When ...
... became almost independent and governed their territories as they liked . Under the influence of Hildebrand , who had become pope as Gregory VII , the German bishops and the papacy became practically independent of the emperor . When ...
Trang 329
... became a tool in the hands of the counts of Tusculum . In the meantime , Otto's policy had so antagonized the German clergy that they revolted against Rome . When Henry III became emperor , a most important part of his policy concerned ...
... became a tool in the hands of the counts of Tusculum . In the meantime , Otto's policy had so antagonized the German clergy that they revolted against Rome . When Henry III became emperor , a most important part of his policy concerned ...
Nội dung
GROWTH OF IDEALS OF LIBERTY | 1 |
Pisistratus | 23 |
The Athenian Empire | 29 |
Bản quyền | |
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administration agricultural Arabic army Athens authority barbarian barons became began bishops Byzantine Byzantine Empire century B.C. Christian Church cities civilization clergy commerce common conquest Constantinople council court crusades culture early East eastern ecclesiastical economic elected eleventh century emperor England English estates feudal fifteenth century forced fourteenth century France French Gaul Germany gradually greatest Greece Greek growth Guelfs Henry Holy Roman Empire ideas imperial important influence Italian Italy king kingdom land later Latin literature lord manor mediaeval mediaeval period Mediterranean ment merchants Middle Ages modern Mohammedans monarchy nobility nobles Norman organization papacy papal Parlement Parliament peace peasants Persian political pope reform reign religion religious Renaissance result Roman Empire Roman law Rome royal rule serfs Sicily social Spain struggle tenth century theory third estate thirteenth century tion towns trade tury twelfth century western Europe