A History of Western Civilization ...

Achaean league administration agricultural ancient Arabic army Asia Minor Athens authority barbarian became began bishop of Rome bishops Byzantine Byzantine Empire century B.C. Christian Church civilization clergy commerce conquest Constantinople crusades culture decline early East eastern economic Egypt elected emperor England English feudal fifteenth century fifth century forced formed fourteenth century France French Gaul German gradually greatest Greece Greek growth guilds Hellenic Hellenistic ideas imperial important influence Italian Italy Justinian king kingdom land later Latin literature lord Macedon manorial mediaeval mediaeval period Mediterranean ment Middle Ages military modern Mohammedan nobility nobles organization Ostrogoths papacy papal peace Persian philosophy political pope reform reign religion religious Renaissance result Roman Empire Roman law Rome royal rule second century senate serfs Sicily social Spain struggle theory thirteenth century tion towns trade tury twelfth century Visigoths West western Europe