in England, without being dispersed. And certainly the acknowledgment of the title and rights of her most faithful majesty is of very little value, if the same power which acknowledges them prevents her from sending her subjects to a country which remains under her dominion, but which may stand in need of them for its defence. Your excellency recalls to me what took place two years ago, with respect to the Portuguese rebels, whom his Catholic majesty, at the demand of the governments of Portugal and England, dispersed on points at a distance from the frontier of Portugal. I cannot conceive that the two cases can appear to you parallel. The individuals in question had made inroads, at different times, by force of arms, into Portugal: they had been protected, armed, and organized in Spain. The Spanish government itself (and if I am not mistaken, your excellency made mention of this circumstance in parliament) had disposed these troops in a way to menace Portugal with an attack; and therefore the assistance of British troops, which I was ordered by my government to solicit, was conformable to the treaties upon which I founded my claim; and the Spanish government had not only been guilty of a breach of neutrality, but had menaced Portugal with an attack, and had given just cause of war. Therefore the demand which was subsequently addressed to the Court of Madrid was justified by the acts already committed, and became necessarily a guarantee against their repetition. How, then, can it be possible to cite such a precedent, in order to apply it to the actual case, where there has been, on the part of the Portuguese, no abuse of the asylum which has been granted to them in England, nor any act which can be imputed to them as a violation of the neutrality of the country? And how can the British government believe itself obliged to prevent her most Faithful majesty from sending some of her own troops, which happen to be in a neutral country, to a part of her dominions where she is actually acknowledged, and obeyed as legitimate sovereign? In addressing these observations to your excellency, I only acquit myself, with regret, of a last and painful duty, so much the more necessary, as your excellency attributes to me a responsibility which I think ought not to fall upon me. I will conclude, by announcing to your excellency, that I will transmit a copy of this letter to his excellency the marquis de Barbacena, who, in his capacity of plenipotentiary and delegate of the august father and guardian of her majesty the queen of Portugal, finds it, I believe, to be his duty to correspond officially with the government of his Britannic majesty, on the interests of her most Faithful majesty. I have, &c. (Signed) LE MARQUIS DE PALMELLA. Duke of Wellington, &c. No. XXXVIII. Instructions to CAPTAIN WALPOLE, Dec. 12, 1828. By the Commissioners, &c. Whereas, a considerable number of Portuguese soldiers and under your orders at the western islands, to act again, with regard to the said foreigners, as before directed, in the event of their parting from you at sea, and returning, or in the event of other detachments of a similar description, from England, afterwards making their appearance amongst the said islands. other foreigners are about to sail in transports from Plymouth or Falmouth, and it is supposed they intend making an attack on Terceira, or other of the western islands; and his majesty having been pleased to command that a naval force should be immediately despatched to interrupt any such attempt, you are hereby required and directed to take the ship and sloop named in the margin under your command, and to proceed, with all practicable expedition, to Terceira; and, having ascertained that you have succeeded in reaching that island before the transports above alluded to, you will remain yourself at Angra, or Praya, or cruising close to the island, in the most advisable position for intercepting. In case of your proceeding, as any vessels arriving off it; and you will detach the other ships as you shall deem best for preventing the aforesaid force from reaching any of the other islands. In the event of the aforesaid foreign force approaching Terceira, or any of the other islands, you are to cause whoever may be in command of it to be informed that you are instructed to prevent their landing at any of the western islands; and, should they persist, notwithstanding such warning, in hovering about, or in making any efforts to effect a landing, you are then to use force to drive them away from that neighbourhood; and you will, in such case, keep sight of them until you shall be convinced, by the course they may steer, and the distance they have proceeded, that they have no intention of returning to the western islands, or of proceeding to Madeira. You will, however, in this event, leave one of the ships In the event of the foreigners in question proceeding towards Madeira (after your turning them from the western islands), you are to pursue the same conduct towards them, in first warning them against making any hostile effort there, and afterwards, if necessary, in using force to prevent it, as before directed with regard to the western islands. above directed, to follow the force in question, or any part of it, until you are satisfied that they do not intend to return to the western islands, or to attempt Madeira, you are, after quitting such force, to return to the western islands, to rejoin the ship you will have left there, and to assist her in securing the remaining objects before explained. And you are to continue on this service until you receive further orders. Given, &c. 12th of December, 1828. (Signed) G. COCKBURN. Shannon. (Transferred to the Captain of His Majesty's Ship Ranger,) By command of their lordships. (Signed) J. W. CROKER STATEMENT as to the FINANCIAL OPERATIONS of SPAIN. The Journal du Commerce published the annexed article respecting the financial situation of the Spanish Government in the money-market at Paris. "Negotiation of the royal loan, consisting of a nominal capital of Francs. 90,180,000 francs, which have yielded to the Spanish government about "Negotiation of 136,782,000 francs rente perpetuelle, which, at the rate of 38 per cent., have yielded to the same government 42,000,000 52,000,000 94,000,000 "To deduct 15,000,000 of rentes unsold and in the hands of the government's banker, or its agents, at the same rate of 38 per cent. 5,700,000 88,300,000 "Salaries paid to all the Spanish embassies by the banker of his Catholic majesty at Paris since 1824 "Paid to the French government on the 1st of last July "Redemption of the rente perpetuelle to the 1st of September (see the Moniteur) of the 3rd. "This sum has been employed in the following man ner: "Five series of the Royal loan have been reimbursed at 4,500,000 francs each "Arrears of four years "Arrears of the produce of the rente perpetuelle, to the 1st of July 1829 "Paid for English claims, in virtue of the treaty of the 28th of October 1828, 200,000. 22,500,000 37,500,000 9,000,000 10,100,000 2,000,000 2,400,000 4,000,000 750,000 65,750,000 "It appears that on the 1st of last September, the English claimants received for arrears on the 600,000%. of rentes given them in payment "Note-Mr. Guebhard has remitted direct to the Spanish government, on the produce of the negotiation of 61,792,137 francs of the royal loan, which he effected in cash, deducting 5,840,000 (35 per cent.), which he kept as commission, &c., for which receipt was duly given him by Mr. Burgos which have been remitted to Spain by the banker of the Spanish government. "It is, in fact, notorious to the whole commercial public of Paris, that important remittances of paper on Spain were made for a long time; the rate of exchange of that period has proved the fact. There remains at the disposal of the agents of the Spanish government, to meet the exigencies of the half-year ending in January, the negotiation of 15,000,000 francs of unsold rente perpetuelle, which, at the stated rate would yield to the Spanish government 5,700,000 francs. "With regard to the profits accruing to the agents of the Spanish government on the negotiation, of 48 per cent. on the royal loan, and 38 per cent. on the rentes perpetuelles, altogether amounting to about 15,000,000 on the former, and 12,000,000 on the latter, which the purchasers of these securities have supplied, not including the immense advantages derived from stock-jobbing speculations, which have also been obtained at the expense of the French, it is not difficult to guess their destination. "The situation in which the Spanish Treasury has been placed by these operations may be stated in the following manner: "The Spanish Treasury has received these sums : 39,400,000 "for which sum of 39,400,000 francs, Spain is still debtor, in-"67,000,000 bonds of the Royal loan. "132,017,040 rentes perpetuelles, after deduction of sinking fund. "199,017,040 "The issue of the rentes perpetuelles was authorised by M. Roy, the Minister of Finance, and fixed at the sum of 135,782,000 francs, which it was expressly forbidden to exceed. "The statement of the engagements which the Spanish government will have to meet abroad, from this to the 1st of July, 1830, also deserves notice: "Arrears of the rentes perpetuelles "Ditto of the Royal loan 6,839,100 3,381,750 "Ditto due on English claims, amounting to 400,000%. on the 1st of March next. 750,000 "Reimbursement of the sixth series of the loan 4,509,000 "Annuity to the French Government 4,000,000 "Ditto to the English claimants, in virtue of the treaty of the 28th of October, 1828, payable next month in 200,0007. 5,040,000 "The sinking-fund to the 1st of July, will amount to 1,000,000 25,519,850 RUSSIAN MANIFESTO. By the Grace of God, We, Nicholas the First, Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias, &c. "Thanks to the Decrees of Divine Providence, the treaty of perpetual peace between Russia and the Ottoman Porte was concluded, and signed at Adrianople, on the 2nd (14) September, by the respective plenipotentiaries of the two empires. "The whole world is sufficiently acquainted with the irresistible necessity which alone could force us to have recourse to arms. In this legitimate war, undertaken for the defence of the rights of our empire, our faithful subjects, incessantly animated by an ardent attachment to the throne and the country, have eagerly offered to us the tribute of their property, to second us with all their efforts, and God has blessed our cause. "Our intrepid warriors have given, both in Europe and in Asia, both by sea and by land, new proofs of their heroic valour. They have triumphed at once over the obstacles presented by nature, and the desperate resistance of the enemy. Hastening from victory to victory, they have crossed the chain of the Saganlouck mountains. They saw the summit of the Balkan sink before them, and have stopped only at the very gates of Constantinople. Formidable only to the enemy in arms, they have shown themselves to the peaceable inhabitants full of clemency, humanity, and mildness. "In these days of combat and glory, constantly free from all desire of conquest, we have never ceased to invite the Porte to concur in reestablishing harmony between the two empires. The commanders of our armies, after every victory, hastened, by our order, to offer to it peace and friendship. Nevertheless, our efforts were always fruitless. It was not till he saw our standards displayed not far from his capital, that the Sultan was at length sensible, from our conduct, that our object was, not to overturn. his throne, but to obtain the execution of the treaties. Being then convinced of the purity of our intentions, he held out his hand to receive that peace which had been so often proposed to him. This peace promises to Russia happy and prosperous results. The blood of our warriors is redeemed by numerous advantages. The passage of the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus is henceforward free, and open to the commerce of all the nations of the world. The security of our frontiers, especially on the Asiatic side, is for ever guaranteed by the incorporation with the empire of the fortresses of Anapa, Poti, Akhaltzik, Atzkour, and Akhalkalaki. Our proceedings with the Porte are confirmed by it, and re-established in all their force. Just indemnities are secured for the expenses of the war, and the individual losses experienced by our subjects. The scourge of the plague, which has so often threatened the southern provinces of Russia, will, in future, be checked by a double barrier, by means of the establishment of a line of quarantine on the banks of the Danube, agreed to on both sides. Our solicitude has also been extended to the fate of the nations professing our religion, who are subject to the Ottoman dominion. The antient privileges of the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia have been sanctioned, and their welfare consolidated by new advantages. The rights granted to the Servians by the treaty of Bucharest, and confirmed by the convention of Akermann, were still suspended in their application. "These stipulations will henceforward be faithfully observed. The political existence of Greece, determined by Russia, in concert with the allied courts of France and England, has been formally recognized by the Ottoman Porte. Such are the fundamental bases of a peace which have happily terminated a sanguinary and obstinate war. In announcing to all our beloved subjects this happy event, a new gift of the benediction of heaven bestowed upon Russia, we address with them the most ardent thanksgiving to the Almighty, who has deigned, by his divine decrees, to raise our dear country to such a high degree of glory. May the fruits of this peace be developed and multiplied more and more to the advantage of our beloved subjects, whose welfare will always be the first object of our constant solicitude. "Given at St. Petersburgh the 19th September (1st October) the year 1829, and the 4th of our reign." |